Alexis HD 2 Flashcards
Fibrinolytic
Tissue Plasminogen Activator
Platelet Aggregation in Coagulation
-Endo cells produce Von Willebrand factor
-Platelet adhesion, degranulation, aggregation
-Platelet plus fibrin thrombus
-Nitric oxide and prostacyclin provide a antithrombotic effect
Coag Cascade
-Thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin -> gel
-Tissue factor triggers extrinsic pathway
-Heparin like molecules: anti thrombin 3 to inactivate thrombin
What causes an infarct?
Arterial thrombosis or thromboembolis or venous thrombosis
Elastic Arteries
AORTA, arch vessels, carotids, iliacs
Muscular arteries
coronaries, circle of willis, renal
Left: atherosclerotic plaques
Right: plaques with superimposed thrombosis
aneurysm due to dilated tissue from lack of oxygen
Preventing Thrombosis
-Use of tissue plasminogen activator (TPA, alteplase)
-Preventing platelet agg. (aspirin)
arteriosclerosis and arteriolosclerosis
affect the tunica media by replacing smooth muscle cells to fibrous tissue and collagen
Where does renin come from?
modified smooth muscle cells of the afferent arterial
Left HF
-ischemic heart disease, HTN, valve dysfunction, cardiomyopathy
-right HF: secondary to left or cor pulmonale
Evolution of Infarct
- 12 hrs - 3 days: necrosis, neutrophils
- 4 - 10 days: macrophages, granulation
- 2 wk - 2 mo: fibrous scarring
Red dead myocytes (low left)
Neutrophils in upper right
Pulmonary Heart Disease Causes
COPD, UIP, PE, pulmonary HTN
Calcific Aortic Stenosis
Left: atherosclerosis plaque with hemorrhage and thrombosis (black = hemorrhage, occluded)
Right: atherosclerosis plaque and stenosis
