Alcoholic Liver Disease Flashcards
True or false: Alcoholic liver disease is the most common cause of liver failure
True
What are risk factors for alcoholic liver disease?
Chronic alcohol
Smoking
Obesity
What word describes an undamaged yet fatty liver?
Steatosis
(NASH, Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, is advanced stage of NFLD caused by build up of fat causing inflammation and damage)
Hard q: What structure may be found in alcoholic hepatitis?
Mallory bodies
(Cytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions in hepatocytes, associated with ballooning and inflammation)
Early stages of alcoholic liver disease may show little signs.
Name 3 symptoms of later more severe stages of alcoholic liver disease
Jaundice
Hepatomegaly
Ascites
Hepatic Encephalopathy
Spider naevi (see central arteriole with capillaries radiating out)
Caput medusae (distended and engorged umbilical veins)
Palmar erythema (red palms)
Easy bruising
Name an alcohol dependency questionnaire used to determine whether someone is alcohol dependent (score of 2 or more)
CAGE
should you Cut down?
are people Annoyed by your drinking?
Feel Guilty about drinking?
Eye opening - do you drink in morning?
What is the recommended weekly limit of alochol?
14 units per week max
How do you work out how many units are in a drink?
Strength (ABV) x Volume (ml)
_______________________________
1000
1 unit = _g of alcohol
8g
1 unit = _ ml of alcohol
10ml
What would the ratio of AST:ALT be in alcoholic liver disease?
Greater than 2
(2:1)
What would LFT show in alcoholic liver disease?
Raise in AST and ALT
Raised bilirubin
Drop in albumin
Greater PT
What kind of anaemia is present in patients with alcoholic liver disease?
Macrocytic non-megaloblastic anaemia
What might happen to levels of folate in alcoholic liver disease?
May fall
Liver converts folate into active form, impaired liver so lower levels of active form.
Often poor dietary habits
Chronic alcohol use damages GI tract so less absorption
Alcohol causes increased urinary excretion of folate
What is needed to confirm extent of cirrhosis and differentiate from hepatitis?
Biopsy