Airway and Lung Procedure

Question 1

Oral Pharyngeal airway

Answer 1

• plastic tube shaped to fit the curvature of the soft palate and tongue that holds the tongue away from the back of the throat and maintains the patency of the airway

Question 2

nasal Pharyngeal airway

Answer 2

latex or rubber tube inserted through the nose to allow for nasotracheal suctioning

Question 3

endotracheal tube

Answer 3

plastic tube inserted in the trachea from the mouth or nose to provide an airway and to allow for mechanical ventilation

Question 4

tracheostomy tube

Answer 4

• an artificial airway inserted into the trahcea from an incision in the neck below the vocal cords used in patients needing prolonged mechanical ventilation

Question 5

airway suctioning

Answer 5

• mechanical aspiration of secretions from the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and trachea using a suction catheter.
  -indications for suctioning include increased or thickened secretions and inadequate cough.
  teh freq of suctioning is dependent on the amount of secretion produced

Question 6

Bullectomy

Answer 6

• surgical procedure in which one or more of the large air spaces called bullae that form when the alveoli are destroyed by emphysema are removed.
• the procedure can imporve breathing

Question 7

Lobectomy

Answer 7

surgical removal of a lobe of one lung

Question 8

lung transplant

Answer 8

• surgical procedure to replace one or both diseased or failing lungs with healthy donor lungs.
• lung transplant is reserved for patients with end-stage COPD, interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis and other serious lung diseases, but who do not have serious comorbidities

Question 9

lung volume reduction surgery

Answer 9

• procedure in which portion of the lung tissue damaged by emphysema is removed. this creates extra space in the chest so that the remaining lung tissue and the diaphragm work more efficiently enabling the patient to breathe more easily

Question 10

mechanical ventilation

Answer 10

patients with severe pulmonary dysfunction may need assistance to breathe from a positive pressure mechanical ventilator or breathing machine. the positive pressure from the ventilator provides the force that delivers air into the lungs by increasing intrathoracic pressure. mechanical ventilation involves an automatic cycling ventilator connected to a tracheostomy tube or mask to assist or breathe for the patient

Question 11

Oxygen Therapy

Answer 11

• indicated for the tx of acute and chronic hypoxemia in the patient with Pa0<55mmHg; O2 sat <88

Question 12

thoracotomy

Answer 12

• surgical incision cutting the chest wall to access the heart, great vessels, lungs, esophagus and diaphragm for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
  the incision may be made under the arm, through the sternum from the back to the side or under the breast