Airway 100B

Question 1

upper airway

Answer 1

warm, filter and humidify air

Question 2

pharynx

Answer 2

muscular tube extends from nose to esophagus and trachea

composed of nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

Question 3

nasopharynx-turbinates

Answer 3

three bony shelves protrude from lateral walls

Question 4

oropharynx

Answer 4

hard and soft palate line superior aspect

32 adult teeth

Question 5

hyoid bone

Answer 5

small horseshoe shaped bone which jaw, epiglottis and thyroid cartilage attach to

Question 6

adenoids

Answer 6

• located on posterior nasopharynx wall
• lymphatic tissue that filter bacteria
• tonsils located posterior pharynx help trap bacteria

Question 7

uvula

Answer 7

posterior oral cavity hanging above tongue

Question 8

epiglottis

Answer 8

superior border of the glottic opening
leaf-shaped flap
prevents food and liquid from entering the larynx

Question 9

vallecula

Answer 9

anatomical pocket between base of tongue and epiglottis

Question 10

larynx

Answer 10

marks end of upper airway and start of lower

Question 11

thyroid cartilage

Answer 11

• located in the larynx
• two plates formed in V shape
• form the “adams apple”
• directly anterior to the glottic opening

Question 12

circoid cartilage/ cricoid ring

Answer 12

• inferior to the thyroid cartilage
• lowest point of the larynx
• first ring of the trachea
• only upper airway structure that forms a complete ring

Question 13

cricothyroid membrane

Answer 13

membrane between the thyroid cartilage and the circoid ring

• is the space for emergency airways
• inferior and laterally bordered by highly vascular thyroid gland

Question 14

glottis or glottic opening

Answer 14

• space between vocal cords

- narrowest portion of adult airway

Question 15

arytenoid cartilage

Answer 15

• pyramid like cartilage

- forms posterior attachment of vocal cords

Question 16

pyriform fossae

Answer 16

two pockets of tissue that border he larynx

Question 17

lower airway

Answer 17

• exchange o2 and co2
• externally extends form 4th cervical vertebra to xiphoid process
• internally glottis to capillary membrance

Question 18

anatomy of lower airway

Answer 18

• trachea
• craina
• bronchus (left and right) dived into smaller bronchi and bronchioles
• alveolar sacs

Question 19

trachea

Answer 19

• windpipe

- 10-12 cm long consists of C shaped cartilage

Question 20

total lung capacity

Answer 20

approx 6L in adult male (3L per lung)

Question 21

tidal volume

Answer 21

• total air that is inhaled or exhaled in a single cycle
• adult 5-7 ml per kg
• infant 6-8 ml per kg

Question 22

alveolar volume

Answer 22

• volume that reaches alveolar
• tidal volume minus dead space
• app 500 (tidal volume)-150 (dead space)
• appx 150ml

Question 23

minute volume

Answer 23

tidal volume x resp rate

Question 24

FiO2

Answer 24

fraction of inspired oxygen, the %of O2 inhaled

Question 25

ventilation

Answer 25

physical act of moving air in and out of the lungs

Question 26

oxygen devices

Answer 26

• nasal cannula 1-6 LPM 24-44%
• simple face mask 8-10 LMP 40-60%
• partial NRB 6-10 LMP 35-60%
• NRB 10-15 LMP 80-100%
• BVM 12-20 LMP 95-100%

Question 27

oxygen supplied

Answer 27

D tank 400 L
E tank 660 L
M tank 3000 L
H tank 7080 L