AHAI Flashcards

1
Q

caracteristicas de AHAI

A

normocitica
normocromica
regenerativa

VCM, HCM normales, retis mayor a 2%

PERFIL DE HEMOLISIS

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2
Q

Perfil de hemolisis

A

LDH aumentado
Bilirrub ind elevada
Haptoglobina disminuida
retis mayor a 2%

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3
Q

AHAI es >F en

A

mujeres y mayores de 50 â

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4
Q

AHAI >F

A

por ac calientes

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5
Q

causas AHAI por ac calientes

A

50% idiopatica
20% por: enf autoinmunes (LES, AR), o neoplasias hemato (LNH, LLC)
otro: por fármacos (Metildopa, Cefalosporinas)

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6
Q

causas AHAI por ac frios

A

la >F es idiopatica en adultos mayores
puede ser 2ria a enf infecciosas: VEB, sifilis, neumo atipica
neoplasias hemato: linfoma de cel B, macroglobulinemia de Waldeström

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7
Q

AHAI por Ac Calientes

A

IgG vs proteinas de membrana
hemolisis extravascular (bazo)
T 37 grados

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8
Q

cxclx AHAI ac calientes

A

sx anemico
ictericia, perdida de peso, fiebre, molestas GI, hiporexia, hemoglobinuria
TVP o TEP
+cxclx de enfermedad subyacente

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9
Q

AHAI por Ac Frios

A

IgM, activa complemento
extremidades frias
hemolisis intravascular
T menor a 31, optima de 4

muy rara

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10
Q

cxclx AHAI ac frios

A

acrocianosis, Sx Raynoud, polineuropatia

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11
Q

hemolisis intravascular

A

activa complemento, hay lisis directa de GR y se libera Hb libre en plasma (hemoglobinuria y hemosiderinuria)

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12
Q

hemolisis extravascular

A

destruccion de GR por macrofagos, en bazo, higado y MO
IgG se une al sist reticuloendotelial

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13
Q

tx AHAI ac calientes

A

1ra linea corticoesteroides
2 da linea rituximab; esplenectomia
3 ra linea inmunosupresores

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14
Q

tx AHAI ac frios

A

1 ra linea rituximab solo con bendamustrina
2 da linea inh complemento: sutimlimab (inh C1), eculizumab (inh C5)

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