aggression Flashcards
aggression
uncontrolled
intent to harm
outside rules
reactive
assertion
controlled
no intent to harm
within rules
motivated
Aggression definition
behaviour intended to harm another person either physically or psychologically outside the laws of the game
Hostile aggression
main goal is to harm, outside the rules of the game. only trying to cause pain. often and emotional response to others or a situation
Assertion aggression
playing hard but within the rules, perhaps with more effort than usual
using physical force within the rules and ethics of the game with no intention to harm
often confused with aggression
What are the 4 theories of aggression
instinct
frustration aggression
aggression cue
social learning
Instinct theory
response is innate
product of evolution that will surface under provocation
may need to be released to prevent it becoming to strong.
releasing in positive manner is called catharsis
players use sport as an outlet for built up aggressive energy
Evaluation of instinct theory
aggression may not be spontaneous
aggression can be pre-planned
not all people are aggressive
performers in aggressive sports are often calmer away from the game
doesn’t consider environment
doesn’t consider social learning
we are not all the same
Frustration aggression hypothesis
aggression is inevitable when frustrating circumstances cause our goals to be blocked
if the aggression can’t be released this may cause even more frustration
Evaluation of frustration aggression hypothesis
can frustration be controlled without becoming aggressive?
not all frustration leads to aggression
if the performer is punished aggression likely to stop
not all who experience frustration/blockages will resort to aggression
might not always get aggressive
can display aggression when there are no obstacles
The aggression cue hypothesis
aggression only occurs if learned cues are present.
such as pre learned cues learned from the coach or other plays trigger the aggressive reponse
Evaluation of aggression cue
different people will respond in different ways and to different triggers.
wont always respond aggressively to the cue
can control feelings when we see cue isn’t automatic
Social learning theory
aggression is learned from experience, coaches, role models and significant others
aggressive behaviour will be copied if it is reinforced
how to prevent aggression
do not reinforce aggressive acts in training
punish aggression with fines
send players off
substitute aggressive player or remove them from the situation
reinforce non aggression
use mental rehearsal
