Æða Flashcards

1
Q

Buerger’s test

A

Fótur settur upp -> verður hvítur

Fótur settur niður -> verður rauður

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2
Q

Allen test

A

Skoðar hvort radialis, ulnaris, palmar arch séu opin

Halda fyrir radialis og ulnaris, sleppa annarri og ef allur lófinn verður rauður þá er þetta gúd

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3
Q

Doppler: hvaða index er reiknaður. eðlileg gildi?

A
Ökkla/upphandleggs (ABI)
>1,3: æðar falla ekki saman (æðakölkun)
0,9-1,3: eðlilegt
0,5-0,9: heltiganga
0,4: hvíldarverkur
0,3: hætta á necrosu sárum
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4
Q

Hvar fær maður hypertensiv sár?

A

lat. malleolus

miklir verkir

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5
Q

Hvar koma bláæðasár?

A

ofan við med. malleolus - gaiter svæði

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6
Q

Hverja á að myndgreina vegna æðasjúkdóma?

A

með klínísk einkenni um blóðþurrð
OG
óeðlilegan ABI

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7
Q

Arteritis (vasculitis): skiptist í hvaða 5 yfirflokka?

A

Necrotising (oft fibrinoid necrosis)
Acute inflammatory (stutt saga of oftast þekkt antigen t.d. lyf)
Chronic inflammatory (óþekkt orsök, líklega “repeated exposure to antigen”)
Granulomatous (granuloma með/án giant cells)
Fibrosis

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8
Q

Giant cell/Temporal arteritis

A
Krónískur vasculit
Stórar/miðlungs æðar
Cranial branches frá aortic arch MEST
- líka temporal, retinal -> blinda, arm
Einkenni: hypertension, aum þykknum a. temporalis, sjóntap
Meðferð: sterar
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9
Q

Takayasu’s arteritis

A

Stórar æðar
Einkenni: arm claudication, syncope, sjóntruflanir
Meðferð: sterar og ónæmisbælandi, etv. aðgerð

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10
Q

Polyarteritis nodosa

A

Systemic necrotising vasculitis
Miðlungs/litlar æðar
Einkenni: sár/gangrene í fingrum, mesenteric ischemia -> kviðverkir

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11
Q

Kawasaki disease

A

Miðlungs æðar
Mest coronary arteries
Börn
Líka kallað mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome

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12
Q

Isolated central nervous system vasculitis

A

Miðlungs/litlar æðar

Einkenni: CNS

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13
Q

Churg-Strauss arteritis

A
Litlar æðar
Mest í lungum og húð
Vascular/extravascular granulomatosis
Einkenni: astmi, eosinophilia
Meðferð: sterar
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14
Q

Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)

A

Einkenni: Raynaud’s syndrome, svo löngu seinna etv. ulceration/gangrene á tám og fingrum

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15
Q

Behçet’s disease

A

Einkenni: orogenital ulceration og vasculitis

Tengt venous thrombosis og thrombophlebitis, aterial aneurysm og occlusion

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16
Q

Burger’s disease (thromboangitis obliterans)

A

Litlar æðar mest (hitt líka samt)
Orsök: atherosclerosis eða líklegar inflammatory arteritis
Einkenni: pedal púlsar þreifast ekki, oft fylgir thrombophlebitis
Næstum bara ungir kk reykingamenn, einkenni fyrir 30 ára

17
Q

Marfan’s syndrome

A

Familial autosomal dominant disorder
Defect: mutation í fibrillin geni (FBN1 á litn. 15)
-> focal medial necrosis of aorta -> etv. dissection eða aneuryms

18
Q

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

A

Familial disorder
Defect í collageni
Einkenni: “double-jointed”, víð ör, rof á aneurysm

19
Q

Fibromuscular hyperplasia

A

Einkenni: arterial stenosur/dilatationir -> “string of beads” á angio
- mest í renal og carotid arterium
Ungar konur