Advanced Concepts for Motor Learning

Question 1

Internal focus

Answer 1

instructions that direct the patient’s attention to their own movements

Question 2

External focus

Answer 2

instructions that direct the patient’s attention to the effects of their movements on the environment

Question 3

Internal / External focus:

Conscious control of movement-may constrain the movement

Answer 3

Internal

Question 4

Internal / External focus:

Results in more effective/efficient movements, speeds up learning process, facilitates automaticity

Answer 4

External

Question 5

Internal / External focus:

Utilization of unconscious process

Answer 5

External

Question 6

Implicit Learning

Answer 6

Learning of complex information in an incidental manner without awareness of what has been learned.

Question 7

Learning style when using an analogy or metaphorical description

Answer 7

Implicit

Question 8

What are the benefits of implicit learning?

Answer 8

• reduces the reliance on working memory

- promotes automatic processes.

Question 9

Differential Learning

Answer 9

• Based on dynamic systems theory
• Practice in many different ways, in many different environments
• Practice should involve exposure to as many different combos and environmental contexts as possible

Question 10

Self Control of Practice

Answer 10

Patient given choice over what to practice and when to receive feedback

Question 11

Benefits of Self Control of Practice

Answer 11

1. Allows patients to be more active in their rehab
2. Enhances motivation
3. Increased effort and compliance.