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Pharm > Adrenergic Antagonists > Flashcards

Adrenergic Antagonists Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 beta-adrenergic antagonists?

A 
Timolol
Cartelol
Betaxolol
Levobunolol
Metipranolol
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2
Q

What is the typical MOA of beta-adrenergic antagonists?

A

Decrease aqueous production by blocking the beta receptors of the non-pigmented ciliary epithelium

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3
Q

Is Timolol a selective or non selective beta blocker?

A

Non-selective

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4
Q

Which of the beta adrenergic antagonists is the most effective at lowering IOP?

A

Timolol

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5
Q

What is the typical dosing of Timolol?

A

0.25-0.50%

BID

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6
Q

When is the best time for Timolol to be dosed?

A

Morning - better daytime efficacy

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7
Q

What are the 2 “discouraging” factors of beta adrenergic antagonists?

A

Long term drift

Short term escape

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8
Q

Why should beta blockers be used with caution in diabetics?

A

They mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia

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9
Q

What may occur if beta blockers are given to a myasthenia gravis patient?

A

Weakness may be exacerbated

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10
Q

Cosopt is a combo therapy that combines what drugs?

A

Timolol (beta- blocker)

Dorzolamide (CAI)

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11
Q

Combigan is a combo therapy that combines what drugs?

A

Timolol (beta blocker)

Brimonidine (alpha2 agonist)

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12
Q

Which of the beta adrenergic antagonists is beta 1 selective?

A

Betaxolol

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13
Q

What are the 2 reasons that Carteolol might be preferred over Timolol, even though it doesn’t reduce IOP as well?

A

Reduced nocturnal bradycardia

Less stinging

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14
Q

Which of the 5 beta adrenergic antagonists has the fewest side effects?

A

Cartelol

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15
Q

What is the typical percentage of Betaxolol?

A

0.25%

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16
Q

The beta 1 activity of betaxolol can worsen what condition?

A

Congestive heart failure

17
Q

Which of the beta adrenergic antagonists is most similar to Timolol?

A

Levobunolol

18
Q

Which of the beta adrenergic antagonists is not used anymore?

A

Metipranolol

19
Q

How do cholinergic agonists reduce IOP?

A

Increase corneoscleral outflow

20
Q

How do alpha-adrenergic agonists decrease IOP?

A

Decrease production

Increase uveoscleral outflow

21
Q

How do beta blockers reduce IOP?

A

Decrease production

22
Q

How do CAIs decrease IOP?

A

Decrease production

23
Q

How do PGAs decrease IOP?

A

Increase uveoscleral outflow

24
Q

Which of the glaucoma drugs work on both production and outflow?

A

Alpha-adrenergic agonists

Pharm (13 decks)

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