Adrenergic and Cholinergic Drugs Flashcards
What are the 2 neurotransmitters involved in the ANS?
acetylcholine- cholinergic
norepinephrine- adrenergic or noncholinergic
What are the two categories of cholinergic receptors?
nicotinic, muscarinic
What are the categories of adrenergic receptors (5)?
Alpha-1, Alpha-2, Beta-1, Beta-2, Beta-3
Fill in the correct adrenergic receptor to its site:
____: adipose tissue, heart, bladder
_____: found on smooth mm, bronchioles, uterus, bladder
_____: found in smooth mm
_____: in heart and in kidneys
_____: decrease the release of norepinephrine
Beta-3
Beta-2
Alpha-1
Beta-1
Alpha-2
Beta-1 antagonist drug will block the Beta-1 receptor which will cause a ____ of the HR and ____ myocardial contractility
slow, decrease
Anticholinergic drugs will _____ synaptic activity
decrease
___ acting stimulants bind to the cholinergic receptor and ____ it
direct, activate
_____ acting stimulants ___ the activity at cholinergic synapses by ____ the acetylcholinesterase enzyme
indirect, increase, inhibiting
What are some adverse effects of cholinergic stimulants?
GI distress, increased salivation, bronchoconstriction, bradycardia, difficulty in visual accommodation, increased sweating
Which anticholinergic drugs are very specific for the nicotinic receptor in the autonomic ganglia and are used to treat HTN, and block the neuromuscular junction?
antinicotinic
Which anticholinergic drugs are more common and used primarily to treat GI disorders and may be used for Parkinson disease, cardiovascular system, motion sickness, preoperative medications?
antimuscarinic
What are common side effects of anticholinergic drugs?
blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation, dry mouth, tachycardia
Which type of adrenergic drug is located mostly on smooth mm and helps treat hypotension and nasal congestion and decrease HR during supraventricular tachycardia?
alpha-1 selective agonists
Which adrenergic drugs are located mostly in brain and SC CNS synapses and are used to treat hypertension and spasticity?
alpha-2 selective agonists
Which adrenergic drug is located in the myocardium is used to increase cardiac output in emergency situations and in short term management of CHF?
Beta-1 selective agonists
Which adrenergic drug is located on bronchiole smooth mm and used to treat spasms and constriction associated with asthma, bronchitis, and emphysema?
beta-2 selective agonsists
Adrenergic antagonists that bind to adrenergic receptors and BLOCK THEM are referred to as ______ drugs
sympatholytic
Which adrenergic drug is used to treat HTN by decreasing peripheral vascular resistance?
alpha (adrenergic) antagonists
what is a side effect to be aware of when someone is taking an alpha antagonist?
reflex tachycardia (BP decreasing may cause body to compensate and increase HR as a result leading to orthostatic hypotension)
Which adrenergic drug is used to treat HTN, arrhythmias, angina pectoris, s/p MI, CHF and being to beta-1 receptors located on the heart?
beta blockers
beta blockers cause an ___ in contractility of the heart and ___ in HR
decrease in both
t/f, you can use HR max when treating a patient on a beta blocker
false, use RPE scale instead
a pt who has respiratory problems should use a _____ _______ and NOT a non-selective beta blocker
beta-1 antagonist
What are common side effects of someone on a beta blocker?
excessive depression of cardiac function
orthostatic hypotension
depression, lethargy, and sleep disorders
blunted HR response to exercise
