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Pharmacology > Adrenergic Agonist > Flashcards

Adrenergic Agonist Flashcards

1
Q

Direct Acting Alpha Agonist

A

Nonselective: NE
A1: Phenylephrine
A2: Clonidine

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2
Q

Direct Acting Beta Agonist

A

Nonselective: Isoproterenol
B1: Dobutamine
B2: Albuterol

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3
Q

Indirect acting Sympathetic Agonists

A

Releases: Amphetamine

Reuptake inhibitors: Cocaine

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4
Q

Epinephrine

A
  • Rapid Nonselective brief Agonist
  • Prominent CV action: Low dose Vasodilation, High Vsoconstriction; INC ionotropic effect
  • Antiotensin II activation
  • INC systolic; DEC diastolic
  • Respiratory: Bronchodilation; inhibits allergy mediators
  • Hyperglycemia; lipolysis; Open glaucoma
  • Clinical: Emergency respiratory; Anaphylaxis; maintain midriasis
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5
Q

NE

A
  • Rarely used clinically; favors alpha
  • INC both systolic/diastolic
  • Septic/neurogenic shock
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6
Q

Isoproterenol

A
  • Both B1/2
  • CV: INC HR, CO; DEC Peripheral Resistance
  • STHMSC: hepatic glycogenolysis, INC glucagon. And RAAS activation
  • Clinical: Rarely used; maintain idioventricular rate till pacemaker placed
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7
Q

Dobutamine

A
  • Primary B1 agonist
  • INC CO + Contraction Force; No change in HR, BP, or SVR
  • Clinical: Cardiac decompensation, AHF
  • CAUTION: AFib
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8
Q

Oxymetazoline

A
  • Direct acting Alpha agonist 1/2
  • Nasal conjunctiva/mucosa -> Vasocontriction + DEC Congestion
  • Hypotension in large doses
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9
Q

Phenylephrine

A
  • Selective alpha-1 direct acting
  • Raises Sys/Dia BP
  • Induces reflex bradycardia
  • Cinical: PSTachy; Hypotension; Nasal Decong; induce Mydriasis
    AR: Hpertensive headaches + Cardiac Irrhytmia; Dysuria
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10
Q

Midodrine

A
  • Direct acting a1 selective agonist Prodrug
  • INC BP vis VSMT
  • Clinical: Chronic symptomatic orthostatic hypotension
  • AE: Supine hypertension; Parasthesia, piloerection, dyspraxia + retention + Urgency
  • Contra: CHD; HF; Renal impairment; Other BP Meds
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11
Q

Clonidine

A
  • Selective central presynaptic a2 agonist
  • Inhibit sympathetic outflow f/ CNS
  • Clinical: Hypertension, Withdrawal, ADHD NON STIMULANT, diabetic diarrhea, menopausal hot flashes, anesthesia premedication
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12
Q

Apraclonidine + Brimonidine

A

Clonidine Congeners

Apraclonidine: Doesn’t Cross BBB; Short term intraocular pressure + Claucoma

Brimonidine: ore a2 selective for Short + Long term glaucoma

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13
Q

B2 Short acting

A

Albuterol; Metaproterenal; Terbutaline

  • SABA
  • Bronchial dilation + Uterine relaxation
  • Contra: Tachycardia; Arrythmias; MAOIs
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14
Q

Long acting B2 agonist

A

Salmeterol; Formoterol; Arformoterol

  • Asthma; Maintenance treatment COPD
  • Salmeterol delayed action (Not for acute attacks)
  • NOT for monotherapy AKA combine w/ corticosteroid
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15
Q

Indacaterol; Olodaterol; Vilanterol

A
  • Ultra Long LABA (Once Daily)
  • COPD. Emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and both
  • NO Monotherapy
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16
Q

Mirabegron

A
  • B3 agonist

- Detrusor muscle (Overactive bladder)

17
Q

Dopamine

A
  • DA Adrenergic agonists
  • Mixed action D1/D2
    • Ionotropic
  • Reduce renal arterial resistance + INC BF
  • Clincal: Cardiogenic/septic shock; Hypotension, CHF, bradycardia
18
Q

Fenoldopam

A
  • Peripheral Dopamine D1

- Clinical: Hypertensive Emergency - rapid acting vasodilator

19
Q

Ephedrine

A
  • Mixed action indirect adrenergic agonist
  • Clinical: Peristent hypotension; Spinal anesthesia induced hypotensionl; Asthma
    Contra: MAOIs
20
Q

Amphetamine

A
  • Inhibits reuptake transporter NET + DAT
  • Aginist of TAAR1
  • Binds postsynaptic adrenergic receptors
  • High doses block MAO-A
  • Clinical: ADHD; Depression; Narcolepsy
  • Contra: `lactation, Obestiy, MAOIs, Hyperthyroidism, CVD, Glaucoma; - - *DependanceSched II
21
Q

Lisdexampfetamine

A
  • Prodrug if dextroamphetamine
  • decrease abuse potential
  • adhd + binge eating
22
Q

Methylphenidate

A
  • Ritalin
  • Allosterically blocks DAT + NET
  • ADHD in children
  • Locks dopamine more than NE
23
Q

Atomoxetine

A
  • Nonstimulant drug for ADHD
  • more selective for NE reuptake
  • NOT habit-forming/controlled
24
Q

Cocaine

A
  • Blocks Na/Cl dependent NET + DAT allowing NE/DA to remain in cleft
  • A1 agonist
  • Local anesthetic
  • Controlledsubstnace with HIGH abuse potential
25
Q

Adverse effects of adrenergic agonists

A
  • Hypertension
  • Cerebral hemorrhage
  • Pulmonary edema
  • Cardiac Arrhythmias
  • headache, dizziness, and tremor
26
Q

Adrenergic agonist interactions

A
  • Tricyclics blocks catecholamines reuptake

- Halogenic anesthetic agents

Pharmacology (18 decks)

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