adrenal physiology Flashcards
how can the adrenal gland be divided into two?
adrenal medulla and adrenal cortex
which part of the adrenal gland is directly connected to sympathetic nervous system?
medulla
what does the renal medulla secrete?
adrenaline and non adrenaline (catecholamines)
from superficial to deep - zones of the cortex?
Zona
Glomerulosa
Fasciculata
Reticularis
which zone secretes aldosterone?
glomerulosa
what type of substance is aldosterone?
mineralocorticoid
what are the two types of corticosteroid?
mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid
what does aldosterone do to sodium, chloride and potassium ?
causes retention of sodium and chloride and excretion of potassium (retain Na, rid of Ka)
aldoserone and sweating
increased aldosterone causes sweating
lack of aldosterone - what would values of Na and K be like?
high Ka, low Na
what do glucocorticoids stimulate?
gluconeogenesis (which is why diabetes is a known complication)
cortisol effect on glucose?
causes an increase in circulating glucose
but a decreased utilization of circulating glucose
what is the effect of stress on ACTH secretion ?
stress increases ACTH
naturally, when is highest ACTH secretion?
morning, circadian rhythm
what part of the pituitary is ACTH released from
anterior pituitary
