ado dev - growth puberty

Question 1

aspects of adolescent that makes it a critical period

Answer 1

• changes in body composition
• changes in diet, Pa
• sedentary behaviours
• sleep
• sports and specialized motor dev
• emerging identity and role
• mental health

Question 2

what happens physiologically with <9 hours

Answer 2

decrease leptin levels
increased gherkin levels
increase BMI, increase appetite, increase food intake

Question 3

Stages in specialized movement abilities

Answer 3

• Transition (7-9): mvt exploration
• Application (11-13): children choose what to pursue
• Lifelong utilization (14+): refinement

Question 4

Factors affecting puberty

Answer 4

• genetic
• biological
• stress
• SES
• Nutrition/diet
• % body fat
• chronic illness

Question 5

who is in charge of the hormonal control of puberty

Answer 5

• hypothalamic
• pituitary
• gonadal axis

Question 6

what does the hypothalamus releases

Answer 6

gonadotropin releasing hormone
- follicle stimulating hormone
- luteinizing hormone

Question 7

What is the role of FSH/LH

Answer 7

activate the gonads
- rel estrogen/progesterone and testosterone

Question 8

Hormonal changes in puberty

Answer 8

Increase: GH, liver lipolysis, FFA
Decreased: insulin sensitivity
Females: estrogen increases fat deposition (peripherally)
Males: testosterone increases FFM

Question 9

delayed onset of puberty

Answer 9

the absence of secondary sexual characteristics by age 13 in girls or 16 in boys

Question 10

causes of delayed onset of puberty

Answer 10

• constitutional growth delay (inherited, temporary, delay in growth)
• Underlying medical condition
  (diabetes, cystic fibrosis, kidney disease)
• Not considered a medical concern
• severely delayed/absent puberty can be treated with HRT

Question 11

types of precocious puberty

Answer 11

• Central precocious puberty
  (normal pattern but too soon, could be tumor, hypothyroidism)
• Peripheral precocious puberty
  (less common, congenital-> idiopathic, issue with testicls, ovaries, adrenal glands)
• Isosexual
  (consistent w/ genetic and gonadal sex of the child)
• Contra-sexual
  ( feminization or virilisation)

Question 12

Precocious puberty

Answer 12

appearance of secondary sexual characteristics before the age of 8 in girls 9 in boys

Question 13

Precocious risk factors

Answer 13

• genetics: family hx of PP
• females > males
• racial background: more African American
• obesity
• exposure to sex hormones
• medical condition: abnormal production of androgens
• radiation therapy to CNS
• exposure to blue light

Question 14

Precocious puberty complications

Answer 14

• Short height
  (tall vs pears, but bones mature sooner resulting in shorter stature)
• Social and emotional issues
  ( social self-consciousness about changes occurring in their bodies)