Adaptive PA & History

Question 1

Examples of what adaptive physical activity includes

Answer 1

adapted physical activity includes, but is not limited to, physical education, sport, recreation, dance, creative arts, nutrition, medicine, and rehabilitation

Question 2

Describe adaptive PA within the industrialization and westward expansion time period

Answer 2

1840-1900

• > in 1838, at the Perkins School for students with visual disabilities in Boston, was the first school in the country with a phys.ed program for students who were blind
• > the students participated in gymnastic exercises and swimming
• > Early adapted physical education programs were medically oriented and preventative, developmental, or corrective in nature. The purpose was to prevent illness and promote health.

Question 3

Describe Adaptive physical activity during the consumerism, immigration and democratization time period

Answer 3

1900- 1950

• > Greater focus on corrective exercises for students who were defective physically.
• > Shift from medically oriented physical training and calisthenics to adapted sport and corrective or therapeutic gymnastics.
• > Factors that precipitated this transition were…
• Introduction of sports into the public school PE curriculum
• The return of war veterans, with medical emphasis on the potential of sport as instrument of rehabilitation, for things like spinal cord injuries and amputations
• Developments in –’assistive’ technology

Question 4

Describe Adaptive physical activity during the electronic communication and globalization time period

Answer 4

1950- PRESENT

• > increased scholarly study of APA
• > Attempt to move away from developing programs based upon medical pathological categories.
• > As PE evolved, more and more programs were developed on the basis of categories relevant to physical education and/or upon generic functions or competencies.
• > Increased legislation regarding disability access

Question 5

What is the individuals with disabilities education act

Answer 5

1990

• > piece of American legislation that ensures students with a disability are provided with Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) that is tailored to their individual needs
• > also changed names to be more politically correct/ inclusive