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Cardiology > Acute coronary syndrome > Flashcards

Acute coronary syndrome Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of acute coronary syndrome?

A

It is the result of a thrombus from a atherosclerotic plaque blocking the coronary artery.

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2
Q

The left coronary artery splits into?

A

circumflex artery
left anterior descending artery

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3
Q

What are the three types of acute coronary syndrome?

A

unstable angina
STEMI
NSTEMI

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4
Q

How to diagnose STEMI coronary syndrome?

A

There is st elevation
New left bundle branch block

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5
Q

How to diagnose NSTEMI coronary Syndrome?

A

No ST Elevation, do a troponin blood test.

If raised troponin levels or ECG changes its NSTEMI

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6
Q

How to diagnose unstable angina?

A

Troponin levels are normal and ECG shows no change in unstable angina

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7
Q

Symptoms of acute coronary syndrome?

A

Nausea and vomiting
Sweating and clamminess
Feeling of doom
Shortness of breath
Palpitations
Pain in jaws and arm.

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8
Q

ECG changes in acute coronary syndrome?

A

In STEMI:

ST elevation
New left bundle branch block

In NSTEMI:

ST segment depression
Deep T wave inversion
Pathological Q waves.

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9
Q

Acute STEMI treatment?

A

Primary PCI ( percutaneous coronary intervention) = grace score is done to decide

Thrombolysis can also be done

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10
Q

Acute NSTEMI treatment?

A

B: beta blockers
A: asprin
T: ticagretor
M: Morphine
A: Anticoagulants
N: Nitrates

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11
Q

Complications of myocardial infarct?

A

D: Death
R: Rupture of heart septum
E: Edema
A: Arrhythmia + Aneurysm
D: Dresslers Syndrome

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12
Q

What is Dresslers Syndrome?

A

Happens post myocardial infarct, it usually occurs around 2-3 weeks after MI and causes pericarditis
(inflammation of the pericardium)

Prsesents with peuritic chest pain, low grade fever of pericardial rub + cause pericardial effusion.

Managment is with NSAIDS

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13
Q

Secondary prevention of Acute coronary syndrome?

A

A: Asprin
A: Another anti platelet
A: Atorvastatin
A: Ace Inhibitor
A: Atenolol
A: Aldosterone antagonist

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14
Q

Secondary lifestyle prevention of Acute coronary syndrome?

A

Stop smoking
Mediteranian siet
Reduced alcohol consumption
Cardiac Rehabilitation

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15
Q

Different types of MI

A

Type 1: Traditional MI
Type 2: Ischaemia Secondary to increase demand
Type 3: Sudden Cardiac death
Type 4: MI Associated with surgery

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Cardiology (14 decks)

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