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Reminders! > Acute Care > Flashcards

Acute Care Flashcards

1
Q

BUN

A

10 to 20
If high - kidney problem
If low - liver problem

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2
Q

WBC

A

5000 - 10,000

Less than 5000 with fever - don’t exercise

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3
Q

Hgb

A 
F = 12-16 
M = 14-17

Less than 8 = no exercise
8-10 = Be cautious

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4
Q

Hct

A 
F = 36-46%
M = 41-51%

Less than 25% = no exercise

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5
Q

Platelets

A

150,00 to 400,000

Less than 200,000 = no exercise

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6
Q

Prothrombin

A

11-12.5 seconds

More than 36 sec = no exercise

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7
Q

PTT

A

25-36 sec

More than 70-100 = no exercise

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8
Q

INR

A

0.9 to 1.1

No exercise if over 4
(over 5 if on anticoagulant)

If low = thick blood, quick to clot
If high = thin blood, slow to clot

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9
Q

pH

A

7.35 to 7.45

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10
Q

PaO2

A

80-100 mmHg

Acute resp failure will be below 60

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11
Q

PaCO2

A

35-45 mmHg

Acute resp failure will be above 50

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12
Q

HCO3

A

22-26 mmHg

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13
Q

SpO2

A

Over 90%

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14
Q

Metabolic acidosis

A

pH less than 7.35
HCO3 less than 23

Trauma, low CO, renal failure

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15
Q

Metabolic alkalosis

A

pH greater than 7.45
HCO3 greater than 27

Resp failure, resp insufficiency

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16
Q

Resp acidosis

A

pH less than 7.35
CO2 greater than 45

Severe lung disease

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17
Q

Resp alkalosis

A

pH greater than 7.45
CO2 less than 35

Tremor, fever

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18
Q

Total cholesterol

A

Less than 200

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19
Q

HDL

A

M over 33

F over 43

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20
Q

LDL

A

Less than 100

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21
Q

Triglycerides

A

Less than 140

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22
Q

Na

A

135-145

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23
Q

K

A

3.5 - 5

24
Q

BUN

A

10-20

25
Q

Creatinine

A

0.6 to 1.2

26
Q

Glucose

A

70-110

If less than 70 or over 250 = no exercise

27
Q

Albumin

A

greater than 2.5 (3.5 - 5)

28
Q

Arrhythias - contraindicated to exercise or need to stop

A 
A fib
V tach
V fib
PVCs (6+ / min)
2nd degree type 2 AV block
3rd degree AV block
ST elevation
29
Q

Tubes and lines that are contraindications for PT/exercise

A

Swan Ganz - YELLOW
ICP over 20 (norm is 0-15)
IABP
Pulmonary hypertension greater than 25 (norm is 12-18)

Relative - hemodialysis (don’t do exercise right before or right after - HTN, toxic and hypotensive if before, fatigued and low nutrition if after)

30
Q

Lab values that are contraindications for PT/exercise

Hct
Hg
WBC
Platelets
Glucose
INR
Prothrombin
PTT
A 
Hct below 25%
Hg below 8 
WBC below 5,000 with fever or if over 20,000
Platelets less than 20,000
Glucose less than 70 or over 250
INR greater than 4
Prothrombin greater than 36 sec 
PTT greater than 100 sec
31
Q

EF - contraindication

A

Less than 20%

32
Q

HR contraindication

A

Resting HR over 100 - 120 OR less than 50

33
Q

SBP contraindication

A

Resting SBP over 180-200

34
Q

DBP contraindication

A

Resting DBP over 110

35
Q

Changes in BP contraindication

A

SBP drop of more than 10

36
Q

PO2 contraindication

A

Less than 60 mmHg

37
Q

SpO2 contraindication

A

Less than 90% (Dr R said 92%)

COPD if less than 88%

38
Q

Dyspnea - when stop

A

With exercise can’t have them at 3 or higher

With rest can’t have them at 2 or greater

39
Q

Angia scale - when stop

A

With exercise can’t have them at 2 or higher

With rest can’t have them at 1 or higher

40
Q

After MI - HR increase can

A

Only increase by 20 bpm from their resting!!!

After cardiac surgery - can go up to 30 bpm above resting

41
Q

BP after cardiac episode is not to exceed

A

over 220/110

42
Q

Cryotherapy on large body area in someone with hypertension can

A

Cause diffuse VC and will increase BP even more

43
Q

Don’t use superficial heat over

A

Infected, malignant, recently radiated areas, impaired sensation, impaired communication, reproductive organs…

44
Q

US contraindications

A

Over heart, pacemaker, electronic devices, preg, recently radiated tissue, cement or plastic implants, growth plates, DVT, tumors, infections, carotid sinus, insensitive tissue

45
Q

Estim contraindications

A

Pacemaker, pregn belly or back, sup metal implants, tumors, disoreiented pt, insenstivie area…

46
Q

Contraindicatiosn to postural drainange

A

If pt can’t handle head down position (head injury, high ICP, hx of cardiac issues, recent head sx)
Right after eating
Head and neck surgeries
NG tube

47
Q

Contraindications to percussion

A 
TB
Recent hemorrhage
PE
Lung cancer
Chest sx
Rib fx
OP
Nervous pt
48
Q

Pre albumn

A

18-32

49
Q

HbA1C

A

4-6%

Levels over 6.5 indicate diabetes and poor blood sugar control

50
Q

Elevated serum creatinine or BUN =

A

Kidney problem

51
Q

Low serum creatinine or BUN =

A

Liver problem/malnutrition

52
Q

CPK

CPK - MB

A

CPK = 30-170

CPK - MB = 0-3%

53
Q

Troponin 1

A

0.0 - 0.1

54
Q

Troponin 2

A

Less than 0.18

55
Q

Hypocalcemia will cause

A

neuromuscular hyperexcitability
Tetany, seizures, paresthesias, CHF

Dec heart actions though because less Ca for contractions

56
Q

Hypercalcemia will cause

A

Neuromuscular hypoexcitability
Lethargy, paresthesias, arthralgias, inc risk of fx, kidney stones, ployuria

In heart will cause increaed heart actions

57
Q

Hypo/Hyper magnesemia and Hypokalemia will cause

A

Alternated electrolye balance - leading to cardiac arrhythmias

Reminders! (22 decks)

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