Acute Care Flashcards
Leading cause of trauma death is ______
Suffocation then MVA
Non-fatal is falls
Trauma causes _____ of deaths in 5 to 19yo
70%
Abdominal trauma attributes to ____ of fatal injuries in trauma cases
20%
But are the most common UNRECOGNISED cause of fatal injuries
What are causes of Neurogenic shock?
Spinal cord injury above T5, Spinal anaesthesia, Vasomotor centre depression
How does Neurogenic shock present?
Low systemic vascular resistance, increased parasympathetic activity and bradycardia
Warm, low BP and bradycardia
In orbital wall fracture which direction do you struggle to look in?
In the opposite direction!
Also pulsating = superior orbital fracture
Which bug causes infection slowly over a week after a punch to wall?
Eikenella Corrodens
Gram negative bug, slow infection/abscesses, infection from human bites
When does Pastuerella multicoda infections commonly occur?
Post cat or dog bites
When does streptobacillus moniliformis infections occur?
Post rat bite
Which head injury presents with brief period of LOC, comes around (lucid interval) and then gets worse?
Epidural haematoma
Most common chest injury in two year old post chest trauma?
Pulmonary contusion (bruising)
Toxocity = Bradycardia, diarrhea and lots of secretions?
How do you treat?
Cholnergic toxicity
Atropine!
SLUDGE + 3 killer B’s (bronchospasm, bronchorrea and bradycardia)
How to treat serotonin syndrome?
Cryptoheptadine
How to treat neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
Bromocriptine, Amantadine for dopamine blocker
Dantrolene as muscle relaxant
In TCA overdose:
If QRS >100ms risk of _____
If QRS >160ms risk of _______
If QRS >100ms risk of seizures
If QRS >160ms risk of ventricular arrhythmia
(Due to Sodium channel blockade)
How does tricyclic overdose present and how do you treat?
Presents as Coma, convulsion and cardiac manifestations
Treat with Sodium Bicarbonate
How do you treat benzodiazepine overdose?
Flumanezil
How do you treat Dystonic reactions (from metoclopramide)?
Benztropine
How do you treat malignant hyperthermia?
Dantrolene
How do you treat Methhaemaglobinaemia?
Methylene blue, Ascorbic acid
Toxicology of Altered GCS + Bradycardia + hypotension = _________
And how do you treat?
Betablocker or Ca blocker overdose
B blocker = treat with adrenaline or high dose insulin therapy
In Digoxin overdose do you get hypokalaemia or hyperkalaemia?
HyperK+
How would you manage 1 button battery in the stomach?
If single BB and patient asymptomatic -> advise patient for repeat XR in 48 hours and if still in stomach -> Endoscopic removal