activity analysis unit 4 first sac Flashcards
fitness components
aerobic power
body composition
flexibility
muscular endurance
muscular strength
agility
anaerobic capacity
balance
coordination
muscular power
reaction time
speed
aerobic power
the maximum rate of energy production for the aerobic energy system (e.g. energy produced in the presence of oxygen)
- best way to measure aerobic power is the vo2 max test
-high importance for extended athletic events such as marathon and triathlon
factors affecting aerobic power
muscle fiber type- greater percentage of slow twitch fibers will increase aerobic power
- slow twitch fibres work aerobically
age-aerobic power peaks in the mid 20’s and then decreases as we age
-this is due to the decreased elasticity of the lungs (decreasing oxygen uptake) and decrease haemoglobin (decreased oxygen transport)
anaerobic capacity
the total amount of energy obtainable from the anaerobic energy systems (the combined capacity of the ATP system and anaerobic glycolysis system)
-high importance
-elite level, 100 meter sprint
-basketball rebounds and blocks
factors effecting anearobic capacity
lactate intolerance- the more metabolic by products that can be tolerated, the more high intensity efforts can be made
sex-males have higher anaerobic capacity
-due to greater muscle mass, therefore more laces to store CP and increased enzymes therefore increased ability to work aerobically
muscular strength
peak force that a muscle can develop
high importance- gripping a hockey stick while making a powerful shot at goal
factors effecting muscular strength
length of muscle fibre- if the muscle is slightly stretched, it is in the best position to create its maximum force
warm up-warmed up muscles have a greater ability to create strength then muscles that are not
muscular power
the ability of a muscles or groups of muscles to exert a maximum amount of force in the shorted period of time. power=force x velocity
high importance- field events (shot-put, javelin) and a spike in volleyball
factors effecting muscular power
fibre type- fast twitch
joint around the muscle- for each joint angle in movement there is an optimal angle for the creation of power
muscular endurance
the ability of a muscle or group fo muscles to sustain repeated contractions against a resistance for an extended period of time
high importance-arms legs and abdominals in most team games
arms, legs and abdominals in 200 meter sprint
speed
the rate of motion (distance/time)
high importance-undertaking any sprint event in athletics
-accelerating to create space or evade an opponent in team games
factors effecting speed
reaction time-the faster reaction time, faster the speed
flexibility- increased range of motion , due to increased flexibility means an athlete can get further in each stride, making them more efficient in technique and increasing the speed
agility
ability to change direction rapidly and accurately while maintaining balance
high importance- dribbling the ball around opponents in soccer or basketball
factors affecting it
similar to speed
flexibility
movement around a joint or the capacity of a joint to move through its full range of motion
high performing gymnastics routine
flexibility factors affecting it
skin resistance- skin has lower elasticity than that of ligaments and tendons, so it can restrict higher ranges of movement
bone- depending on the joint, the bone type and structure will vary and thus have different effects on the actual flexibility of the joint
balance
the ability of the body to remain in a state of equilibrium while performing a desired task
high performing a handstand in gymnastics
body compositon
refers to the relative proportions of the bone, muscle and fat within the body
factors effecting balance
centre of gravity and base of support
factors affecting body composition
genetics- males are more likely to be obese then females are less likely to have level of muscle mass
diet and physical activity levels-positive energy balance, where energy input is greater then energy output will increase body fat
coordination
the ability to use a different parts of the body together smoothly and efficiently
high importance-casting a shot in shot put
reaction time
the time between a stimulus and the first response
high importance- deciding which player is in the best position to receive a pass in basketball
factors affecting coordination
if you have poor vision and hearing
- level of the experience the athlete has
factors affecting reaction time
intensity of the cue- greater=a shorter reaction time so it can be more easily detected
