Active Transport Flashcards
What is active transport used for
Transporting molecules and ions across membrane
What is required for active transport
Expenditure of energy in the form of ATP, a molecule produced by respiration in the mitochondria
What proteins are used to transport molecules and ions
Carrier
Examples of active transport
Exrection of hydrogen ions an urea by kidneys, exchange of sodium and potassium ions in neurons and muscle cells
What is primary active transport
molecules are moved against their concentration gradient with energy from ATP
What happens when ATP binds to a carrier protein
ATP is hydrolysed. This releases energy and the protein is phosphorylated.
What does the bound phosphate cause
Protein to change shape, the molecule or ion is pumped across the membrane against its concentration gradient. Energy is consumed as it is actively transported.
