Acids & Bases

Question 1

What can strong acids be?

Answer 1

Corrosive

Question 2

What are concentrate and dilute acids?

Answer 2

Concentrate-large amount of acid in small amounts of water
Dilute; opposite

Question 3

Give 2 examples of acid in food:

Answer 3

• lemons : citric acid
• milk : lactic acid

Question 4

Give 2 examples of uses of acids:

Answer 4

• hydrochloric acid; digestion
• carbonic acid : soft drinks

Question 5

How do bases feel to the touch?

Answer 5

Slippery or soapy to the touch

Question 6

Strong bases can also burn, but it is not called corrosive, it is called _____

Answer 6

Caustic

Question 7

What are bases that can dissolve in water called?

Answer 7

Alkalis

Question 8

Give 2 examples of bases

Answer 8

Sodium carbonate- detergent
Ammonia - fertiliser

Question 9

Give 2 examples of the uses of bases:

Answer 9

• sodium bicarbonate- baking soda
• sodium fluoride- toothpaste

Question 10

What range on the pH scale is considered acidic ?

Answer 10

0-6

Question 11

What range in the pH scale is considered neutral?

Answer 11

7

Question 12

What range on the pH scale is considered basic?

Answer 12

8-14

Question 13

What number of the pH scale is considered a “strong acid”?

Answer 13

<1

Question 14

What number on the pH scale would be considered a “strong base”?

Answer 14

13/14

Question 15

What is the definition of an acid?

Answer 15

A substance with a pH of less than 7

Question 16

What is the definition of base?

Answer 16

A substance with a pH greater than 7

Question 17

What2 things do you measure pH with?

Answer 17

A pH meter
Or
An indicator

Question 18

What does litmus paper do?

Answer 18

It turns red in acid and blue in a base, it indicates wether a substance is an acid or a base

Question 19

What is a universal indicator?

Answer 19

It is a mixture of indicators that changes to a variety of colours depending on the pH of the substance

Question 20

Can acids and bases neutralise each other?

Answer 20

Yes

Question 21

What should you put on a bee sting?

Answer 21

A base

Question 22

What should you put on a wasp sting?

Answer 22

Acid

Question 23

What are salt and water a product of?

Answer 23

An acid-base reaction

Question 24

What is titration?

Answer 24

A type of experiment to figure out the exact amount acid needed to neutralise a certain amount of base

Question 25

List the 5 bits of equipment needed for titration:

Answer 25

Pipette & pipette filler, conical flask, retort stand, burette

Question 26

Give the 2 other examples of reactions with acid:

Answer 26

1.Acid + carbonate —> salt + water + carbon dioxide 2. Acid + metal —> hydrogen and salt

Question 27

Give 5 examples of acids (3) and bases (2) in everyday life:

Answer 27

1. Tooth decay (a) 2. Heartburn 3. Stomach acid 1. Drain cleaner 2. Toothpaste

Question 28

How is acid rain formed?

Answer 28

The rain is naturally acidic, when the rainwater reacts with the carbon dioxide in the air it forms a weak carbonic acid

Question 29

What makes the carbonic acid in rain increase (acid rain) ?

Answer 29

Pollution

Question 30

What does acid rain cause?

Answer 30

It causes plants and aquatic life to die & causes damage to buildings and statues

Question 31

What do power stations add to their chimneys to neutralise the acid being released?

Answer 31

Limestone

Question 32

What does lowering the pH do to food? Why?

Answer 32

It preserves it, most microorganisms cannot survive in a pH of under 4

Question 33

What is fermentation ( not HE )

Answer 33

Which means to encourage growth of lactic acid bacteria

Question 34

How does fermentation work?

Answer 34

It produces acid to preserve the produce

Question 35

Give 2 examples of fermented products:

Answer 35

Yogurt, salami, pickles, olives