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chemistry aqa > Acid base buffers > Flashcards

Acid base buffers Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a Brønsted–Lowry acid

A

a proton donor

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2
Q

what is a Brønsted–Lowry base

A

a proton acceptor

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3
Q

what is a strong acid or base

A

an acid or base that almost completely ionises in water

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4
Q

what is a weak acid or base

A

an acid or base that only slightly ionises in water

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5
Q

what do acid base reactions involve

A

the transfer of protons

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6
Q

what is a monoprotic acid

A

an acid that releases one hydrogen ion per molecule of acid

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7
Q

what is a diprotic acid

A

an acid that releases two hydrogen ions per molecule of acid

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8
Q

what is water in terms of acid-base

A

water is amphoteric it can act as both a base and as an alkali

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9
Q

what is the equivalence point

A

the point in a titration at which the reaction is just complete

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10
Q

what is the end point

A

the volume of acid or alkali added

when the indicator changes colour

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11
Q

What is the affect of adding an acid to an acidic buffer

A

Equilibrium shifts to the left

H+ ions react with A- to form more HA

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12
Q

What is the effect of adding a base to an acidic buffer

A

Equilibrium shifts to the right
OH- ions react with H+ ions removing them from solution
So more acid dissociates

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13
Q

what is Kw

A

the ionic product of water

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14
Q

why is pure water always neutral

A

the concentration of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions are equal

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15
Q

what is a buffer

A

a solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or alkali are added

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16
Q

what is an acidic buffer

A

pH less than 7
contain a mixture of weak acid with one it’s salts
resist pH when acid or base is added

17
Q

what is a basic buffer

A

pH greater than 7
contain a mixture of a weak base with one of it’s salts
resist pH when acid or base is added

18
Q

what is the effect of adding an acid to a basic buffer

A

equlibrium moves to the right
to replace the OH- ions removed
as H+ ions react with OH- ions

19
Q

what is the effect of adding a base to a basic buffer

A

equlibrium moves to the left
as OH- ions react with salt to form base
so equlibrium shifts to remove OH- ions

chemistry aqa (26 decks)

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