Acid And Bases

Question 1

What theories do we have about acids + bases

Answer 1

Bronzed lowry+ Lewis

Question 2

What is the definition of bl acid

Answer 2

Proton donor

Question 3

What does HCL donate

Answer 3

H+ ions

Question 4

What does Socium hydroxide accept

Answer 4

H+

Question 5

What can act as a h+ donor

Answer 5

Nitric acid donating to ammonia

Question 6

What do all bl acids contain

Answer 6

A proton

Question 7

What does all bronsted lowry bases contain

Answer 7

Lone pair of electrons or double bond
Cannot be positive

Question 8

What can morphine act as chemically

Answer 8

Acidic and basic

Question 9

What are amino acids known as

Answer 9

Zwitterions

Question 10

In an amino acid what is the base and what is the acid

Answer 10

Base - amine
Carboxylic acid - acid

Question 11

How do we determine acid strength

Answer 11

Looking at tendency of donating proton , dissociating quickly

Question 12

How is acidity measured

Answer 12

Equilibrium constant

Question 13

How do we determine if a base is strong/ weak

Answer 13

How readily it can accept proton

Question 14

List some properties of acids

Answer 14

Conduct electricity in water
React with metals to make h2 gas
Indicators
React with hydroxide to form water and salt

Question 15

How does weak/strong acid affect conductivity

Answer 15

Stronger acid =stronger conductivity

Question 16

List properties of bases

Answer 16

In water conduct electricity
React with acids to neutralise

Question 17

How do you calculate Keq

Answer 17

Products / starting materials

Question 18

What is pka

Answer 18

Negative log of ka

Question 19

How do you calculate -logka

Answer 19

Negative log on calculator

Question 20

How do you know if a base/acid strong or weak USING NUMBERS

Answer 20

5 strong
50 weak

Question 21

Define nucleophile

Answer 21

Lewis base Electron pair donor

Question 22

Define electrophile

Answer 22

Lewis base electron pair acceptor

Question 23

How do you calculate ph of acid

Answer 23

-log of acidic conc

Question 24

What are indicators used for

Answer 24

Measuring pH

Question 25

Why is ph important in human body

Answer 25

Essential for all living systems Maintain homeostasis

Question 26

What is ph of blood plasma

Answer 26

7.4

Question 27

What is a buffer

Answer 27

When in aqueous solution resist change in h+ conc even if acids / bases added

Question 28

What is ph for acid buffer

Answer 28

Less than 7

Question 29

What is buffer for base

Answer 29

Higher than 7

Question 30

Name extra cellular buffer

Answer 30

Carbonic acid Bicarbonate acid

Question 31

Name intracellular buffers

Answer 31

Protein Phosphoric acid / hydrogen phosphate

Question 32

What organs are involved in acid base balance

Answer 32

Plasma Lungs Kidneys Liver Bone marrow

Question 33

Why is ph important

Answer 33

Any small molecule can partially dissociate in water and dependent on Ph

Question 34

What will pH have an effect on

Answer 34

Protein function

Question 35

What is the most important ph in body

Answer 35

Intracellular because this is where metabolite intermediates are all charged

Question 36

Is extracellular ph higher

Answer 36

Yes favouring exit of hydrogen ion from cell

Question 37

Substances/ compounds that effects ph in respiratory system

Answer 37

Pco2 , h+ , po2

Question 38

Where in the brain is respiratory ph detected

Answer 38

Resp centre of brain

Question 39

Describe resp acidemia

Answer 39

Increased alveolar ventilation Decreased co2

Question 40

What is the Renal system fixed by

Answer 40

H+ Hco3

Question 41

Name proximal tubular mechanisms

Answer 41

Reabsorption if hc03 @ glomerulus Produce nh4

Question 42

Describe tubular mechanisms

Answer 42

Net excretion of h+ Addition of nh4 to luminal fluid Reabsorption of hco3

Question 43

Disorders of acid base balance

Answer 43

Acidosis Alkalosis

Question 44

Treatment for acidosis

Answer 44

IV FLuids Insulin Kidney failure - sodium citrate

Question 45

Treatment for alkalosis

Answer 45

Too much bicarbonate HcI infusion

Question 46

Compare the interaction of strong acid and weak acids in aqueous solutions

Answer 46

Strong Fully dissociate Weak partially dissociates

Question 47

Compare ionisation status of weak and string bases in aqueous solution

Answer 47

Strong fully ionised Weak partially ionised

Question 48

How can strength if acid or base be quantified by

Answer 48

pKa value

Question 49

What is the negative logarithm of ka

Answer 49

Pka

Question 50

Difference of ka and pka values in acids

Answer 50

Strong acid - high Ka = low pka value Weak acids low ka = high pka value

Question 51

High Kb value states

Answer 51

Stronger base

Question 52

Relationship between pK(a/b) and K (a/b)

Answer 52

Pk is the negative log of k

Question 53

An acidic drug will be most soluble in…

Answer 53

Alkaline conditions and least soluble in acidic conditions

Question 54

An alkaline drug will be most soluble

Answer 54

In acidic conditions and least soluble in alkaline

Question 55

An amphoteric drug will..

Answer 55

Lowest solubility at its isoelectric point

Question 56

Define PH

Answer 56

Negative log of hydrogen ion concentration