ACE and ARB inhibitors

Question 1

What is an ACE inhibitor?

Answer 1

• Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor
• Reduces the effect of angiotensin which raises blood pressure
• Reduces blood pressure in patients with hypertension

Question 2

What is an ARB?

Answer 2

• Angiotensin Receptor Blocker
• Reduces the effects of angiotensin which raises blood pressure
• Reduces blood pressure in patients with hypertension

Question 3

List the side effects of ACE Inhibitors

Answer 3

• Nonproductive cough (no mucus or phlegm)
• Hypotension (low bp)
• Hyperkalemia (high potassium)
• Anaphylaxis (allergic reaction)

Question 4

List side effects of ARB

Answer 4

• Hypotension (low bp)
• Hyperkalemia (high potassium)
• Anaphylaxis (allergic reaction)

Question 5

T or F: ACE inhibitors and ARBs can be used during pregnancy

Answer 5

FALSE
never to be used during pregnancy

Question 6

List the brand names and generic names of ACE inhibitors

Answer 6

Brand Name: Lotensin, Vasotec, Prinivil [ Zestril], Accupril, Altace

Generic Name: Benazepril, Enalapril, Lisinopril, Quinapril, Ramipril

Question 7

Background information of ACE inhibitors

Answer 7

Angiotensin is a hormone produced by the kidneys that causes vasoconstriction (leads to high bp) and salt retention (leads to water retention) both contribute to high bp

Question 8

Pharmacology of ACE Inhibitors

Answer 8

ACE inhibitors reduce the effect of angiotensin, to relax blood vessels, prevent salt retention, and lowering bp

Question 9

Indications of ACE inhibitors

Answer 9

• Hypertension (high bp)
• Heart Failure (ineffective pumping)
• Myocardial Infarction ( heart attack)
• Renal Protection in Diabetic Patient

Question 10

Drug Interactions of ACE inhibitors

Answer 10

ACE inhibitors can cause hyperkalemia (high potassium) which can lead to life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. Patients using potassium supplements or potassium-sparing diuretics are more likely to experience hyperkalemia while taking ACE inhibitor.

Question 11

T or F: All blood pressure-lowering drugs have the potential to cause hypotension

Answer 11

TRUE

Question 12

What do ACE inhibitors end with?

Answer 12

“-pril”

Question 13

List the brand names and generic names of ARBs

Answer 13

Brand Name: Edarbi, Atacand, Avapro, Cozaar, Benicar, Micardis, Diovan

Generic Name: Azilsartan, Candesartan, Irbesartan, Losartan, Olmesartan, Telmisartan, Valsartan

Question 14

Background information of ARBs

Answer 14

Angiotensin needs to bind to angiotensin receptors in order to exert its effect

Question 15

Pharmacology of ARBs

Answer 15

ARBs reduce the effect of angiotensin by preventing angiotensin receptor binding. This relaxes the blood vessels, reduces salt retention, and lowers bp

Question 16

Indications of ARBs

Answer 16

• Hypertension (high bp)
• Heart failure (ineffective pumping)
• Myocardial infarction (heart attack)
• Stroke prevention
• Renal protection in diabetic patients

Question 17

Drug interactions of ARBs

Answer 17

ARBs along with potassium supplements and potassium-sparing diuretics can increase the risk of hyperkalemia

Question 18

What do the generic names of ARBs end with

Answer 18

“-sartan”