ABRAHAM MASLOW - HOLISTIC DYNAMIC THEORY Flashcards
founder and spiritual leader of the humanistic psychology movement
Abraham Maslow
it assumes that the whole person is constantly being motivated by one need or another and that people have the potential to grow toward psychological health
Holistic-Dynamic Theory
to attain self-actualization, people must satisfy _____
Lower Needs
first force
Psychoanalysis
second force
Behaviorism
third force
Humanistic
failure to satisfy a lower need produce a ______
Crisis
lower level needs must be satisfied or at least relatively satisfied before higher level needs become motivators
Hierarchy of Needs
the five needs composing this hierarchy are ______
Conative Needs (Basic Needs)
food, water, oxygen, maintenance of body temperature, etc.
Physiological Needs
physical security, stability, dependency, protection, and freedom from threatening forces
Safety Needs
desire for friendship, the wish for a mate and children, the need to belong to a family, a club, neighborhood, or a nation
Love and Belongingness Needs
self-respect, confidence, competence, and the knowledge that others hold them in high-esteem
Esteem Needs
2 levels of esteem needs
Reputation
Self-esteem
perception of the prestige, recognition or fame of a person has achieved in the eyes of others
Reputation
person’s own feelings of worth and confidence
Self-esteem
self-fulfillment, realization of all one’s potential, and a desire to become creative in the full sense of the word
Self-Actualization Needs
3 other categories of needs
Aesthetic
Cognitive
Neurotic
need for beauty and aesthetically pleasing experiences. they desire beautiful and orderly surroundings.
Aesthetic Needs
a desire to know, to solve mysteries, to understand, and to be curious.
Cognitive Needs
lead to stagnation
Neurotic Needs
some behavior is not caused by needs but by other factors (conditioned reflexes, maturation, or drugs)
Unmotivated Behavior
person’s mode of expression (slouching, looking stupid, being relaxed, showing anger, and expressing joy)
Expressive Behavior (unmotivated)
involves individual’s attempts to cope with the environment
Coping Behavior (motivated)
deprivation of needs leads to
Metapathology
absence of values, lack of fulfillment, and the loss of meaning in life
Metapathology
human needs are innately determined even though they can be modified by learning
Instinctoid Needs
eternal verities
B-values
indicators of psychological health and are opposed to deficiency needs
Being values
goal of self-actualization and include the needs for knowledge, creativity, and creativity.
the ultimate level of needs
Metaneeds
motives of self-actualizing people
Metamotivation
when people’s metaneeds are not met, they experience _______
Existential Illness
the lack of meaningful philosophy of life
Metapathology
love for the essence of the other
B-love
the type of science that lacks emotion, joy, wonder, awe, and rapture
Desacralization
instill it with human values, emotion, and ritual
Resacralize
the fear of being one’s best
Jonah Complex
people have an innate tendency to express their interests, to exercise, and develop their capabilities and potentials, and to overcome challenge
Self-Determination Theory
