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GRE Psychology (homemade) > Abnormal Psych > Flashcards

Abnormal Psych Flashcards

0
Q

What IQ is the usual cutoff for mental retardation?

A

a score of 70

two SD below the mean

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1
Q

What is abnormal psychology?

A

the study of behavior that is considered not normal ie mental disorders

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2
Q

What are example disruptive behavior disorders?

A
  • oppositional defiant disorder

- conduct disorder

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3
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of delirium?

A

disturbed

  • consciousness (awareness, attention, focus)
  • cognition (memory and disorientation)
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4
Q

What are the four famous dementias?

A
  • Alzheimer’s
  • Huntington’s
  • Parkinson’s
  • Pick’s
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5
Q

What are the areas affected by Pick’s disease, and the cognitive effects?

A

frontal and temporal lobes

changes in personality

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6
Q

What is an example of a mental disorder due to a general medical condition?

A

depression due to hypothyroidism

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7
Q

What are the features of substance dependence?

A
  • continued use despite related problems
  • desensitization and need for more
  • desire but inability to stop use
  • withdrawal
  • decrease in outside interests
  • sig time spent getting/using/recovering from the substance
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8
Q

What are the features of substance abuse?

A

recurrent over-use despite substance related problems or danger

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9
Q

What is an older name for schizophrenia?

A

dementia praecox

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10
Q

Who named schizophrenia?

A

Eugene Bleuler

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11
Q

What disorder did Eugene Bleuler study?

A

schizophrenia

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12
Q

What are the positive signs and symptoms of schizophrenia?

A
  • delusions
  • perceptual hallucinations
  • disorganized speech & thought
  • disorganized behavior
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13
Q

What are the negative signs and symptoms of schizophrenia?

A
  • flat affect
  • restricted thought, speech, & behavior
  • catatonia
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14
Q

What is a delusion?

A

false ideas believed by the patient but not by other people in their culture and which cannot be corrected by reason.

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15
Q

What are the two types of schizophrenia based on history of sumptoms?

A
  • process schizophrenia

- reactive schizophrenia

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16
Q

How do process and reactive schizophrenia differ from each other?

A

process is developed slowly over time, has a poor recovery outlook
reactive develops suddenly, has a better recovery outlook

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17
Q

What is the diathesis-stress theory of mental illness?

A

it posits that non-biological or genetic traits (diatheses) interact with environmental influences (stressors) to produce disorders

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18
Q

According to the book, what is the predominate theory about the biological origin of schizophrenia?

A

excessive dopamine in the brain

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19
Q

What are the five types of schizophrenia according to symptom profiles?

A
  • paranoid
  • disorganized
  • catatonic
  • undifferentiated
  • residual
20
Q

What is an alternative label for disorganized schizophrenia?

A

hebephrenic schizophrenia

21
Q

What symptoms characterize hebephrenic/disorganized schizophrenia?

A
  • disorganized speech & behavior

- flat affect

22
Q

What symptoms characterize catatonic schizophrenia?

A
  • psychomotor disturbance
  • catalepsy
  • excessive motor activity & prominent posturing
  • echolalia
  • echopraxia
23
Q

What is catalepsy?

A

motor immobility or waxy figure

24
Q

What is echolalia?

A

parroting back words and questions

25
Q

What is echopraxia?

A

imitating the gestures of others

26
Q

What are the two components of a schizoaffective disorder diagnosis?

A
  • schizophrenic symptoms

- depressive episode

27
Q

What is the folie de deux?

A

aka shared psychotic disorder - two people share delusions/reinforce each other’s delusions

28
Q

How does dysthymic disorder differ from major depressive disorder?

A

same symptoms

but dysthymic waxes & wanes - symptoms must be present more days than not over a period of at least 2 years

29
Q

What are obsessions?

A

persistent slash intrusive thoughts

30
Q

What are compulsions?

A

repetitive behaviors (could be cognitive) that must be carried out to relieve anxiety

31
Q

What are the two main somatoform diagnoses?

A
  • conversion disorder

- hypochondriasis

32
Q

What is a conversion disorder?

A

psychological distress is ‘converted’ to bodily symptoms - eg paralysis

33
Q

What is another term for the dissociative disorders?

A

the psychogenic disorders

34
Q

What are the three main dissociative disorders?

A
  • amnesia
  • fugue
  • identity disorder
35
Q

What are the characteristics of schizoid personality disorder?

A

detachment

small range of emotion

36
Q

What are the characteristics of schizotypal personality disorder?

A

eccentricity

distorted perception of reality

37
Q

What are the characteristics of borderline personality disorder?

A

instability in relationships and emotions

impulsivity

38
Q

What are the characteristics of histrionic personality disorder?

A

excess of emotion

attention seeking

39
Q

What is a neuroleptic?

A

an older term for antipsychotic drugs

40
Q

What is the main method of action for neuroleptic drugs?

A

blocking dopamine receptors

atypical antipsychotics can also affect 5-HT pathways

41
Q

What is the term for the involuntary motor symptoms caused by neuroleptics?

A

extrapyramidal symptoms spec. tardive dyskinesia

42
Q

What two disorders can be caused by excessive alcohol consumption?

A
  • Korsakoff’s syndrome

- Wernicke’s syndrome

43
Q

What are the symptoms of Korsakoff’s syndrome?

A

loss of memory and orientation

sufferers often confabulate to fill in gaps

44
Q

what are the three classical symptoms of Wernicke’s disease?

A
  • eye problems (poor eye muscle control)
  • muscle control problems associated with cerebellum disfunction (ataxia)
  • confusion slash memory loss
45
Q

What genetic abnormality leads to Klinefelter’s syndrome?

A

the possession of XXY karyotype

46
Q

What was Thomas Szasz’s contribution to abnormal psychology?

A

criticized treatment of schizophrenic patients - believed they were unique but not disordered

47
Q

What was Fromm & Reichman’s contribution to abnormal psychology?

A

coined the terrible term schizophrenic mother

48
Q

What was David Rosenhan’s contribution to abnormal psychology?

A

studied effect of diagnostic labels on perception of behavior
sent normal patients into hospitals

GRE Psychology (homemade) (17 decks)

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