Abnormal Definitions Flashcards
Diagnosis…
Identifying and classifying abnormal behaviour on the basis of symptoms, patient’s self-reports, observations and clinical tests
Reliability in diagnosis…
Clinicians receiving the same correct diagnosis consistently using the same diagnostic procedure (manuals, standardised interviews, observations, scanning)
Validity in diagnosis…
Receiving the correct diagnosis including the correct treatment and prognosis given the symptoms and data presented
Abnormal…
Psychological condition or behaviour that differs from the norm
Abnormal psychology…
The field that studies abnormal behaviour, unusual patterns of behaviour, emotion and thought
Prerequisite…
Something that is required as a prior condition for something else to happen or exist e.g. reliability is required for validity to occur
Ethical considerations…
Concerns regarding the safety and wellbeing of participants that researchers must consider before carrying out psychological studies to comply with ethical guidelines and standards set by third party boards
Automatic thoughts…
Organised around feelings of loss, failure, worthlessness and inadequacy. Triggered by personal stimuli and lead to emotional responses as vulnerabilities for the onset of depression
Negative cognitive triad…
Depressed patients have a negative view of the world, themselves and the future
Self-desirability bias…
People inaccurately report about sensitive topics to portray themselves in the most positive light
Rumination…
A deep and considered thought about something
Treatment aetiology fallacy…
The incorrect assumption that the success of a treatment for a disorder reveals the cause of the disorder
Perceived Danger
Individuals have cognitions making them perceive a danger and have a fear when others might deem it safe
Over-estimate fear experienced
Over-estimate anxiety response
Culture- bound syndromes
Syndromes specific to certain cultures
Treatment
The use of chemical, physical or biological agents to preserve or relieve or eradicate symptoms of depression
