Ablative Uses Flashcards
What is the Ablative of Means/Instrument?
An ablative of means/instrument is a noun in the ablative case which indicates the way or tool by which an action is performed
Litteras STILTO scripsit
(He has written the letter WITH A PEN)
Id MEIS OCULUS vidi
(I have seen it WITH MY OWN EYES)
Note: the ablative of means/instrument does not use a preposition
What is the Ablative of Accompaniment?
An ablative of accompaniment is a noun in the ablative case which indicates who or what accomplished the action with the subject
CUM AMICIS hic venerunt
(They have come here WITH FRIENDS)
Id CUM EIS fecit
(He has done it WITH THEM)
Note: the ablative of accompaniment uses the preposition cum
What is the Ablative of Manner?
An ablative of manner is a noun in the ablative case which indicates the manner in which an action is performed
CUM ELERITATE venerunt
(The have come WITH SPEED
[Speed did not accompany the action, it is describing the manner in which the action was performed])
Id CUM VIRTUTE fecit
(He has done it WITH COURAGE)
Note: the ablative of manner uses the preposition cum
Ablative with Cardinal Numbers
With cardinal numbers, the idea of the whole is expressed by EX or DE and the ablative
“Tres EX amicis meis” means “Three OF my friends,” but “Tres amici” means “Three friends”
“Quinque EX eis” means “Five of them”
Ablative of Time
The ablative of time is a noun in the ablative case which indicates the time when something occurred
EO TEMPORE non poteram id facere
(AT THAT TIME, I was not able to do it)
Note: The ablative of time does not use a preposition
Define the Ablative of Agent
The ablative of agent is a noun in the ablative case which indicates a personal means by which the action is performed
Caesar A DIS admonetur
(Caesar is warned BY THE GODS)
Uses the preposition a/ab
Ablative of Place From Which
A noun in the ablative case which indicates an action from one place to another
Graeci a patria sua ad Italiam navigaverunt (travelling from Greece to Italy)
Ablative of Separation
A noun in the ablative case which indicates an action that separates one thing from another
Cicero hostes ab urbe prohibuit (Cicero kept the enemies away from the city)
Ablative of Place
A noun in the ablative case which indicates the place of the actions
In Magna casa vivunt (They live in a large house)
Navis supra aqua fuit (The ship was above the water)
