AAAA Systematic Reviews Flashcards

1
Q

What is positive results bias?

A

Bias that arises when authors are more likely to submit (or editors to accept) positive than negative or inconclusive results.

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2
Q

What is outcome reporting bias?

A

Bias that arises when several outcomes within a trial are measured but are reported selectively depending on the strength and direction of those results.

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3
Q

What is publication bias?

What are the two types?

A
  • Bias that arises when the publication of research results depends on their nature and direction.
  • Includes positive results bias and outcome reporting bias.
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4
Q

What is a meta analysis?

A

Examination of data from a number of independent studies of the same subject, in order to determine overall trends.

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5
Q

How is data in a meta analysis usually summarised?

A

In a forest plot.

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6
Q

What is the difference between a systematic review and a meta analysis?

A
  • A systematic review reviews all literature on a topic to answer a question.
  • A meta analysis uses statistical techniques to combine the quantitative results from a number of studies.
  • A systematic review may contain a meta analysis.
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7
Q

What are the two types of review?

A

Narrative and systematic.

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8
Q

What is the difference between a narrative review and a systematic review?

A
  • Narrative reviews describe and discuss the state of the science of a specific topic from a theoretical and contextual point of view.
  • Systematic reviews use methodological approaches to review all of the literature of a specific topic in order to answer a question.
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