A9 - gait/lower limb 3 Flashcards
what are the superficial muscles of the gluteal region?
- gluteus maximus
- gluteus medius
- gluteus minimus
- tensor fascia lata
innervation of superficial gluteal muscles?
gluteus maximus = inferior gluteal nerve
gluteus medius/minimus and tensor fascia lata = superior gluteal nerve
origin and insertion of gluteus maximus
O : outer surface of ilium, sacrum, coccyx and sacrotuberous ligament
I : iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femur
actions of gluteus maximus
extends and laterally rotates thigh
origin and insertion of gluteus medius
O : outer surface of ilium between the anterior and posterior gluteal lines
I : greater trochanter of femur
actions of gluteus medius
abducts and medially rotates thigh, tilts pelvis when walking to allow opposite limb to clear the ground
origin and insertion of gluteus minimus
O : ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
I : great trochanter of femur
actions of gluteus minimus
abduction and medial rotation of thigh. stabilises the pelvis during locomotion
origin and insertion of tensor fascia latae
O : anterior iliac crest and ASIS
I : iliotibial tract, which itself attaches to the lateral condyle of the tibia
actions of tensor fascia latae
assists in flexion of hip and increases stability of knee when standing
what are the muscles in the deep gluteal region?
- piriformis
- obturator internus
- the gemelli — superior and inferior
- quadratus femoris
what is the most superior of the deep gluteal muscles?
piriformis
what nerve enters the deep gluteal region under the piriformis?
sciatic nerve
origin and insertion of piriformis
O : anterior surface of sacrum
I : greater trochanter of femur
what does piriformis leave the pelvis through?
greater sciatic foramen
innervation of piriformis
nerve to piriformis (S1-S2)
actions of piriformis
lateral rotation and abduction
origin and insertion of obturator internus
O : obturator membrane
I : greater trochanter of femur
what does obturator internus leave the pelvis through?
lesser sciatic foramen
actions of obturator internus
lateral rotation and abduction
what does nerve to obturator internus supply?
obturator internus + superior gemellus
origin and insertion of superior and inferior gemelli
superior O : ischial spine
inferior O : ischial tuberosity
both I : greater trochanter of femur
actions of the gemelli
lateral rotation and abduction
innervation of the gemelli
superior — nerve to obturator internus
inferior — nerve to quadratus femoris