A2- COPD Flashcards
What is the definition for COPD?
-Characterised by airflow obstruction -Usually progressive -Not fully reversible -Does not change markedly over several month -Predominantly caused by smoking
Two diseases that define COPD
Chronic bronchitis Emphysema
RF for COPD
-Tabacoo smoke -Occupational dusts and chemicals -Genetic factors (alpha 1 antitrypin deficiency) -Low birth weight and in utero factors -Indoor and outdoor pollutiom socioeconomic status -Allergy and airway hyper-responsiveness
WHat would you expect to see in a volume time spirometry in COPD patients (imagine in your head)?
Classification of COPD severity: Post bronchodilator spirometry?
What is COPD exacerbation?
A sustained acute worsening of the person’s symptoms from their usual stable state, which gies beyond their normal day to day variations
What is the criteria called that we use to diagnose COPD?
Anthonisen criteria
What is Anthonisen criteria?
Two of the following features must be present: -Increased breathlessness -INcreased Sputum production -Increased sputum purulence
Management of COPD exacerbations?
Increas Brinchodilators Abx -As local Protocols -culture if failure to respond to single course Oral Corticosteriods -perdnisolone 30mg daily for 5-7 days -Speeds up recovery- no affect on mortality -Can stop abruptly
Abx for COPD
Additional acute management for COPD in hospital
Oxygen Aminophyline Ventilation- non incasive or invasive Post exacerbation oulmonary rehabilitation Home care
What the different types of resp failure?
WHat are some non pharmacological COPD Tx
-Smoking cessation -influenza and pneumococcal vaccination -pulmonary rehabilitation -consider lung volume reduction surgery -consider lung transplatation -self management -chronic ventilation
WHat are some pharmacological COPD Tx
-Short acting bronchodilators -Long acting bronchodilators (LABA and LAMA) -Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSO -Theophylline and roflumilast -Low dose abx -long term oxygen therapy and ambulatory oxygen
What is the London COPD value pyramid?
Widely used for its impactful message about the comparative value of interventions for COPD that rebalances the value accorded to flu vaccination, stop smoking as a treatment, pulmonary rehabilitation, inhaled medicines and telemedicine using cost per quality adjusted life year (QALY)
Inhaler therapy for COPD?NICE
What are the long term oral Abx?
What are the three ways you can supply oxygen?
