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Year 3 Academic Weeks > A2- Asthma > Flashcards

A2- Asthma Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of asthma

A

presence of symptoms such as wheeze, breathlessness, chest tighness, cough). Also includes airway hyper-responsiveness and airway inflammation.

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2
Q

What is endotype?

A

Biological process driving the phenotype

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3
Q

What is the diagnosis of asthma?

A
  • history (bronchodilator reversibility testing)
  • test before treating
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4
Q

For reversibility what is more preferred Spirometry or PEFR

A

Spirometry

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5
Q

WHat do you mean by an asthma attack?

A

A flare up or excacerbation is an acute or sub acute worsenign of symptoms and lung funcition compared with the patients usual status.

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6
Q

Management for after asthma attack

A

Patients should have a written action plan t

management in primary care

Management in the emergency department and hospital

follow up after any exacerbation

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7
Q

How to manage exacerbations of asthma in an acute care setting?

A

ABCDE

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8
Q

WHat are the factors that increase the risk of future asthma attacK?

Split it into Moderately increased, slightly increased and unclear

A
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9
Q

Which patients are at risk of developing near fatal or fatal asthma attacks?

A
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10
Q

Asthma Exacerbation Severity: Moderate acute asthma?

A
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11
Q

Asthma Exacerbation Severity: Acute severe asthma?

A
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12
Q

Asthma Exacerbation Severity: Life threatening asthma?

A
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13
Q

Asthma Exacerbation Severity: Near Fatal asthma?

A
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14
Q

How to treat an Asthma Attack?

A

Steroid- treat the inflammation

oxygen

everythign else buys time by treating effects of inflammation while waiting for the treatment for inflammation to work.

SABA (inh/Neb?IV) + SAMA + Amomophylline

Ventilatory support + Ketamine + ECMO

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15
Q

Tx for moderate asthma?

A
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16
Q

Tx for severe asthma

A
17
Q

Tx for Life threatening asthma?

A
18
Q

If there is an asthma attack in the emergency department, what would you do?

(look into this more)

A
  • PEak flow (<33% then get HELP)
  • oxygen
  • bronchodilator
  • salbutamol, nebuliser, steriod
  • ABG
  • Magnesium
19
Q

If the patient is considered life threatening in ED what happens?

A

Refer ICU early

SAMA

20
Q

Asthma management in 5 steps

A
21
Q

An asthma action plan should include?

A
22
Q

Summary of asthma

Confirm diagnois-

Cormorbidities-

Aggravating factors-

Adequate treatment-

Adherent-

A

Confirm diagnosis- Reversibility/variability/ FENO/Methacholine challenge

Cormorbidities- Obesity, COPD, anxiety

Aggravating factors- allergies, smoking

Adequate treatment- High dose ICS + LABA + LAMA +LTRA

Adherent- Check adherence and inhaler technique

Year 3 Academic Weeks (40 decks)

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