A&P Term 3 Lab #4: Cardiovascular System II: Arterial & Venous Vasculature

Question 1

Blood vessels

Answer 1

a closed system of tubes that carry blood around the body

Question 2

Arteries

Answer 2

blood vessels in which blood is pumped away from the heart

Question 3

Arteries branch as they pass through organs and tissues to form progressively smaller vessels until they branch into tiny _____ _____

Answer 3

capillary beds

Question 4

Where does gas, nutrient, and waste exchange take place?

Answer 4

capillary beds

Question 5

Veins

Answer 5

drain blood from the capillaries and return blood to the heart

Question 6

3 major circuits of blood flow in the body

Answer 6

1. Systemic circuit
2. Coronary circuit
3. Pulmonary circuit

Question 7

Systemic circuit

Answer 7

delivers oxygenated blood from the left side of the heart to organs and tissues in the body, and returns deoxygenated blood to the right side of the heart

Question 8

Coronary circuit

Answer 8

delivers oxygenated blood to the heart itself for its metabolic needs

Question 9

Pulmonary circuit

Answer 9

delivers deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs and returns oxygenated blood back to the left side of the heart

Question 10

Systemic arterial circuit begins with the

Answer 10

aorta

Question 11

What is the largest artery in the body?

Answer 11

aorta

Question 12

Where does the aorta originate from?

Answer 12

originates from the left ventricle as the ascending aorta and curves to form the aortic arch

Question 13

parts of the aorta

Answer 13

ascending aorta, aortic arch, descending aorta

Question 14

What are the 3 major branches of the aortic arch?

Answer 14

1. brachiocephalic artery
2. left common carotid artery
3. left subclavian artery

Question 15

what is the brachiocephalic artery?

Answer 15

the first major branch of the aortic arch, travels superiorly and to the right

Question 16

What does the brachiocephalic artery split into? where?

Answer 16

the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery near the clavicle

Question 17

What does the right subclavian artery supply?

Answer 17

it supplies the upper limb

Question 18

the right subclavian artery becomes the ____ artery near the __

Answer 18

axillary artery near the axilla

Question 19

the axillary artery becomes the ____ artery

Answer 19

brachial

Question 20

the brachial artery splits into the ____ artery and ____ artery

Answer 20

radial and ulnar

Question 21

Where does the right common artery travel? what does it split into?

Answer 21

it travels into the neck. where it splits into the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery

Question 22

what does the external carotid artery supply?

Answer 22

the face and the scalp

Question 23

the arterial supply of the brain comes from which arteries?

Answer 23

the internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery

Question 24

basilar artery location and derived from what?

Answer 24

located on the base of the brainstem, derived from the fusion of two branches off the subclavian arteries called the vertebral arteries

Question 25

the circle of willis is also known as what?

Answer 25

cerebral arterial circle

Question 26

what arteries contribute to the circle of willis?

Answer 26

internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery

Question 27

What is the circle of willis composed of?

Answer 27

branches of vessels and a set of anterior and posterior communicating arteries

Question 28

why are the vessels in the circle of willis connected?

Answer 28

they are connected to provide alternate routes of circulation to the brain if one of the arteries supplying the brain becomes blocked

Question 29

After the 3 main vessels branch off the aortic arch, it turns downward to become the _____ ____

Answer 29

thoracic aorta

Question 30

The thoracic aorta descends through the _____ cavity posterior to the heart, and then passes through the ______ to become the ______ _____

Answer 30

thoracic, diaphragm, abdominal aorta

Question 31

Major branches of the abdominal aorta

Answer 31

1. celiac trunk 2. Renal arteries 2. superior mesenteric artery 4. inferior mesenteric artery

Question 32

the Celiac trunk is the ___ branch off the ____ _____, and splits immediately into?

Answer 32

first branch off the abdominal aorta, and splits immediately into: 1. common hepatic artery 2. splenic artery 3. left gastric artery

Question 33

what are the renal arteries? location? what do they serve?

Answer 33

2 renal arteries inferior to the celiac trunk that serve the kidneys

Question 34

Superior mesenteric artery location and function

Answer 34

travels through the intestines (called the mesentery) and supplies the small and much of the large intestine

Question 35

Inferior mesenteric artery & its function

Answer 35

last branch off the abdominal aorta, supplies the remainder of the large intestine

Question 36

the abdominal aorta terminates by branching out into....

Answer 36

2 common iliac arteries

Question 37

the 2 common iliac arteries that terminate the abdominal aorta branch out into...

Answer 37

an internal iliac artery and an external iliac artery

Question 38

what does the internal iliac artery supply?

Answer 38

the structures of the pelvis

Question 39

The external iliac artery passes deep to the _____ _____ to enter the ____ and become the ______ artery

Answer 39

inguinal ligament, thigh, femoral artery

Question 40

the femoral artery continues around the _____ _____, where it becomes the _____ _____

Answer 40

popliteal fossa, popliteal artery

Question 41

the popliteal fossa is the ...

Answer 41

posterior knee

Question 42

the popliteal artery divides into 2 main branches:

Answer 42

the anterior tibial artery and the posterior tibial artery

Question 43

the anterior tibial artery continues in the ____ as the ___ ____ ____

Answer 43

foot as the dorsalis pedis artery

Question 44

what are the 3 branches off of the common hepatic artery?

Answer 44

Hugs Prove Grandmas Do Really Good 1. hepatic proper artery 2. gastroduodenal artery 3. right gastric artery (from right to left)

Question 45

_____ _________ come together to form veins

Answer 45

Venous capillaries

Question 46

veins join other small veins to form progressively larger vessels until they become the ____ ______ _____ _____ that return blood to the heart

Answer 46

major central venous structures

Question 47

_____ of the systemic circuit deliver oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood to ____ ___, where gases, nutrients, and wastes are exchanged. The deoxygenated, carbon-dioxide rich blood is then drained from the capillary beds by a series of ___

Answer 47

arteries, capillary beds, veins

Question 48

2 largest veins in the body

Answer 48

superior vena cava and inferior vena cava

Question 49

what does the superior vena cava drain?

Answer 49

structures superior to the diaphragm

Question 50

what does the inferior vena cava drain?

Answer 50

drains structures inferior to the diaphragm

Question 51

The head and the neck are drained primarily by the...

Answer 51

internal and external jugular veins

Question 52

The smaller external jugular vein drains the...

Answer 52

face and scalp

Question 53

The larger internal jugular vein drains the...

Answer 53

brain

Question 54

Venous blood from the brain drains into spaces in between the two layers of the dura mater called the ____ _____

Answer 54

dural sinuses

Question 55

what are the dura sinuses?

Answer 55

the space in between the two layers of the dura mater

Question 56

The blood from the brain capillaries drains into the ____ _____

Answer 56

dural sinuses

Question 57

the inferior dural sinus is also called the...

Answer 57

transverse sinus

Question 58

what does the inferior dural sinus drain into?

Answer 58

the internal jugular vein

Question 59

What veins drain the blood from the organs of the abdomen?

Answer 59

1. Renal veins 2. Splenic vein 3. Gastric vein 4. Superior Mesenteric vein 5. Inferior Mesenteric vein

Question 60

Renal veins drain the...

Answer 60

kidneys

Question 61

Splenic vein drains the...

Answer 61

spleen

Question 62

Gastric veins drain the...

Answer 62

stomach

Question 63

superior mesenteric vein drains the...

Answer 63

small intestine and much of the large intestine

Question 64

inferior mesenteric vein drains the...

Answer 64

remainder of the large intestine

Question 65

the renal vein empties directly into the...

Answer 65

inferior vena cava

Question 66

the rest of the abdominal veins (excluding the ____ ____) drain into the...

Answer 66

renal vein into the common hepatic portal vein

Question 67

The nutrient-rich blood from the 4 remaining veins that drain into the hepatic portal vein is percolated through the ___, where it is ____ ___ _____

Answer 67

liver, processed and detoxified

Question 68

Once the abdominal blood has filtered through the _____ ____ ____, it exits via the ___ ___ and drains into the ____ ____ ____

Answer 68

hepatic portal system hepatic veins inferior vena cava

Question 69

Blood from the deep structures of the upper limb is drained by the...

Answer 69

radial and ulnar veins

Question 70

the radial and ulnar veins merge in the arm to form the ____ vein (becomes the _____ vein in the _____)

Answer 70

brachial vein axillary vein axilla

Question 71

what veins merge to form the brachial vein?

Answer 71

the radial and ulnar vein

Question 72

Near the clavicle, the axillary vein becomes the _____ vein

Answer 72

subclavian

Question 73

what vein does the subclavian vein drain into?

Answer 73

the brachiocephalic vein

Question 74

what does the brachiocephalic vein drain into?

Answer 74

superior vena cava

Question 75

blood from the deep structures of the upper limb ultimately drain into the

Answer 75

superior vena cava

Question 76

blood from the superficial structures of the upper limb ultimately drain into the

Answer 76

cephalic vein on the lateral side and the basilic vein on the medial side

Question 77

The cephalic vein and the basilic vein are united in the ______ ______ by the ____ _____ _____

Answer 77

antecubital fossa median cubital vein

Question 78

the antecubital fossa unites which two veins?

Answer 78

cephalic and basilic veins

Question 79

the cephalic and basilic vein come together to form the

Answer 79

median cubital vein

Question 80

The deep structures of the lower limb are drained by the

Answer 80

anterior and posterior tibial veins

Question 81

the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite in the ______ _____ to form the _____ ___

Answer 81

popliteal fossa popliteal vein

Question 82

what two veins unite to form the popliteal vein

Answer 82

the anterior and posterior tibial veins

Question 83

the popliteal vein becomes the _____ vein in the ______

Answer 83

femoral vein in the thigh

Question 84

the femoral vein becomes the ___ after it passes under the __

Answer 84

external iliac vein inguinal ligament

Question 85

The external iliac vein merges with the _____ to form the ____

Answer 85

internal iliac vein common iliac vein

Question 86

what does the internal iliac vein drain?

Answer 86

the pelvic structures

Question 87

The 2 common iliac veins unite to form the ___near the ___

Answer 87

inferior vena cava superior part of the pelvis

Question 88

The ____ drains the medial leg and thigh and empties into the ____

Answer 88

great saphenous vein femoral vein

Question 89

what does the great saphenous vein drain?

Answer 89

the medial leg and thigh

Question 90

the great saphenous vein drains into the

Answer 90

femoral vein

Question 91

what is the difference between the right and left suprarenal/gonadal veins?

Answer 91

the right suprarenal, right gonadal, and right renal veins all drain directly into the inferior vena cava separately, while the left suprarenal and left gonadal veins drain into the left renal vein before that left renal vein drains into the inferior vena cava