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A&P Term 3 > A&P Term 3 Lab #4: Cardiovascular System II: Arterial & Venous Vasculature > Flashcards

A&P Term 3 Lab #4: Cardiovascular System II: Arterial & Venous Vasculature Flashcards

1
Q

Blood vessels

A

a closed system of tubes that carry blood around the body

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2
Q

Arteries

A

blood vessels in which blood is pumped away from the heart

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3
Q

Arteries branch as they pass through organs and tissues to form progressively smaller vessels until they branch into tiny _____ _____

A

capillary beds

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4
Q

Where does gas, nutrient, and waste exchange take place?

A

capillary beds

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5
Q

Veins

A

drain blood from the capillaries and return blood to the heart

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6
Q

3 major circuits of blood flow in the body

A
  1. Systemic circuit
  2. Coronary circuit
  3. Pulmonary circuit
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7
Q

Systemic circuit

A

delivers oxygenated blood from the left side of the heart to organs and tissues in the body, and returns deoxygenated blood to the right side of the heart

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8
Q

Coronary circuit

A

delivers oxygenated blood to the heart itself for its metabolic needs

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9
Q

Pulmonary circuit

A

delivers deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs and returns oxygenated blood back to the left side of the heart

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10
Q

Systemic arterial circuit begins with the

A

aorta

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11
Q

What is the largest artery in the body?

A

aorta

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12
Q

Where does the aorta originate from?

A

originates from the left ventricle as the ascending aorta and curves to form the aortic arch

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13
Q

parts of the aorta

A

ascending aorta, aortic arch, descending aorta

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14
Q

What are the 3 major branches of the aortic arch?

A
  1. brachiocephalic artery
  2. left common carotid artery
  3. left subclavian artery
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15
Q

what is the brachiocephalic artery?

A

the first major branch of the aortic arch, travels superiorly and to the right

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16
Q

What does the brachiocephalic artery split into? where?

A

the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery near the clavicle

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17
Q

What does the right subclavian artery supply?

A

it supplies the upper limb

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18
Q

the right subclavian artery becomes the ____ artery near the __

A

axillary artery near the axilla

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19
Q

the axillary artery becomes the ____ artery

A

brachial

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20
Q

the brachial artery splits into the ____ artery and ____ artery

A

radial and ulnar

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21
Q

Where does the right common artery travel? what does it split into?

A

it travels into the neck. where it splits into the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery

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22
Q

what does the external carotid artery supply?

A

the face and the scalp

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23
Q

the arterial supply of the brain comes from which arteries?

A

the internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery

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24
Q

basilar artery location and derived from what?

A

located on the base of the brainstem, derived from the fusion of two branches off the subclavian arteries called the vertebral arteries

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25
Q

the circle of willis is also known as what?

A

cerebral arterial circle

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26
Q

what arteries contribute to the circle of willis?

A

internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery

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27
Q

What is the circle of willis composed of?

A

branches of vessels and a set of anterior and posterior communicating arteries

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28
Q

why are the vessels in the circle of willis connected?

A

they are connected to provide alternate routes of circulation to the brain if one of the arteries supplying the brain becomes blocked

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29
Q

After the 3 main vessels branch off the aortic arch, it turns downward to become the _____ ____

A

thoracic aorta

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30
Q

The thoracic aorta descends through the _____ cavity posterior to the heart, and then passes through the ______ to become the ______ _____

A

thoracic, diaphragm, abdominal aorta

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31
Q

Major branches of the abdominal aorta

A
  1. celiac trunk
  2. Renal arteries
  3. superior mesenteric artery
  4. inferior mesenteric artery
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32
Q

the Celiac trunk is the ___ branch off the ____ _____, and splits immediately into?

A

first branch off the abdominal aorta, and splits immediately into:
1. common hepatic artery
2. splenic artery
3. left gastric artery

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33
Q

what are the renal arteries? location? what do they serve?

A

2 renal arteries inferior to the celiac trunk that serve the kidneys

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34
Q

Superior mesenteric artery location and function

A

travels through the intestines (called the mesentery) and supplies the small and much of the large intestine

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35
Q

Inferior mesenteric artery & its function

A

last branch off the abdominal aorta, supplies the remainder of the large intestine

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36
Q

the abdominal aorta terminates by branching out into….

A

2 common iliac arteries

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37
Q

the 2 common iliac arteries that terminate the abdominal aorta branch out into…

A

an internal iliac artery and an external iliac artery

38
Q

what does the internal iliac artery supply?

A

the structures of the pelvis

39
Q

The external iliac artery passes deep to the _____ _____ to enter the ____ and become the ______ artery

A

inguinal ligament, thigh, femoral artery

40
Q

the femoral artery continues around the _____ _____, where it becomes the _____ _____

A

popliteal fossa, popliteal artery

41
Q

the popliteal fossa is the …

A

posterior knee

42
Q

the popliteal artery divides into 2 main branches:

A

the anterior tibial artery and the posterior tibial artery

43
Q

the anterior tibial artery continues in the ____ as the ___ ____ ____

A

foot as the dorsalis pedis artery

44
Q

what are the 3 branches off of the common hepatic artery?

A

Hugs Prove Grandmas Do Really Good

  1. hepatic proper artery
  2. gastroduodenal artery
  3. right gastric artery

(from right to left)

45
Q

_____ _________ come together to form veins

A

Venous capillaries

46
Q

veins join other small veins to form progressively larger vessels until they become the ____ ______ _____ _____ that return blood to the heart

A

major central venous structures

47
Q

_____ of the systemic circuit deliver oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood to ____ ___, where gases, nutrients, and wastes are exchanged. The deoxygenated, carbon-dioxide rich blood is then drained from the capillary beds by a series of ___

A

arteries, capillary beds, veins

48
Q

2 largest veins in the body

A

superior vena cava and inferior vena cava

49
Q

what does the superior vena cava drain?

A

structures superior to the diaphragm

50
Q

what does the inferior vena cava drain?

A

drains structures inferior to the diaphragm

51
Q

The head and the neck are drained primarily by the…

A

internal and external jugular veins

52
Q

The smaller external jugular vein drains the…

A

face and scalp

53
Q

The larger internal jugular vein drains the…

A

brain

54
Q

Venous blood from the brain drains into spaces in between the two layers of the dura mater called the ____ _____

A

dural sinuses

55
Q

what are the dura sinuses?

A

the space in between the two layers of the dura mater

56
Q

The blood from the brain capillaries drains into the ____ _____

A

dural sinuses

57
Q

the inferior dural sinus is also called the…

A

transverse sinus

58
Q

what does the inferior dural sinus drain into?

A

the internal jugular vein

59
Q

What veins drain the blood from the organs of the abdomen?

A
  1. Renal veins
  2. Splenic vein
  3. Gastric vein
  4. Superior Mesenteric vein
  5. Inferior Mesenteric vein
60
Q

Renal veins drain the…

A

kidneys

61
Q

Splenic vein drains the…

A

spleen

62
Q

Gastric veins drain the…

A

stomach

63
Q

superior mesenteric vein drains the…

A

small intestine and much of the large intestine

64
Q

inferior mesenteric vein drains the…

A

remainder of the large intestine

65
Q

the renal vein empties directly into the…

A

inferior vena cava

66
Q

the rest of the abdominal veins (excluding the ____ ____) drain into the…

A

renal vein

into the common hepatic portal vein

67
Q

The nutrient-rich blood from the 4 remaining veins that drain into the hepatic portal vein is percolated through the ___, where it is ____ ___ _____

A

liver, processed and detoxified

68
Q

Once the abdominal blood has filtered through the _____ ____ ____, it exits via the ___ ___ and drains into the ____ ____ ____

A

hepatic portal system

hepatic veins

inferior vena cava

69
Q

Blood from the deep structures of the upper limb is drained by the…

A

radial and ulnar veins

70
Q

the radial and ulnar veins merge in the arm to form the ____ vein (becomes the _____ vein in the _____)

A

brachial vein

axillary vein

axilla

71
Q

what veins merge to form the brachial vein?

A

the radial and ulnar vein

72
Q

Near the clavicle, the axillary vein becomes the _____ vein

A

subclavian

73
Q

what vein does the subclavian vein drain into?

A

the brachiocephalic vein

74
Q

what does the brachiocephalic vein drain into?

A

superior vena cava

75
Q

blood from the deep structures of the upper limb ultimately drain into the

A

superior vena cava

76
Q

blood from the superficial structures of the upper limb ultimately drain into the

A

cephalic vein on the lateral side and the basilic vein on the medial side

77
Q

The cephalic vein and the basilic vein are united in the ______ ______ by the ____ _____ _____

A

antecubital fossa

median cubital vein

78
Q

the antecubital fossa unites which two veins?

A

cephalic and basilic veins

79
Q

the cephalic and basilic vein come together to form the

A

median cubital vein

80
Q

The deep structures of the lower limb are drained by the

A

anterior and posterior tibial veins

81
Q

the anterior and posterior tibial veins unite in the ______ _____ to form the _____ ___

A

popliteal fossa

popliteal vein

82
Q

what two veins unite to form the popliteal vein

A

the anterior and posterior tibial veins

83
Q

the popliteal vein becomes the _____ vein in the ______

A

femoral vein in the thigh

84
Q

the femoral vein becomes the ___ after it passes under the __

A

external iliac vein

inguinal ligament

85
Q

The external iliac vein merges with the _____ to form the ____

A

internal iliac vein

common iliac vein

86
Q

what does the internal iliac vein drain?

A

the pelvic structures

87
Q

The 2 common iliac veins unite to form the ___near the ___

A

inferior vena cava

superior part of the pelvis

88
Q

The ____ drains the medial leg and thigh and empties into the ____

A

great saphenous vein

femoral vein

89
Q

what does the great saphenous vein drain?

A

the medial leg and thigh

90
Q

the great saphenous vein drains into the

A

femoral vein

91
Q

what is the difference between the right and left suprarenal/gonadal veins?

A

the right suprarenal, right gonadal, and right renal veins all drain directly into the inferior vena cava separately, while the left suprarenal and left gonadal veins drain into the left renal vein before that left renal vein drains into the inferior vena cava

A&P Term 3 (9 decks)

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