A&P of Endocrine System

Question 1

It takes longer for a ________-releasing stimulus to cause a regulatory response than it takes the neurons of the nervous system to initiate a response.

Answer 1

hormone

Question 2

________ system has a prolonged duration compared to the nervous system.

Answer 2

endocrine

Question 3

_______ glans and other glands of the body do not have associated ducts.

Answer 3

endocrine

Question 4

______ gland, such as a salivary gland, is one that delivers its secretions by a tube to an epithelial surface or mucosa.

Answer 4

exocrine

Question 5

one endocrine role of the _________ is to release insulin, a hormone that triggers the uptake of glucose into cells, thus lowering blood glucose levels.

Answer 5

pancreas

Question 6

______ cells are able to adjust the amount of insulin they secrete in proportion to the amount of blood glucose they detect.

Answer 6

beta cells

Question 7

When blood glucose levels are too low, _____ cells secrete glucagon.

Answer 7

alpha cells

Question 8

The _______ is a location in the brain that is an integration center between the endocrine and nervous system.

Answer 8

hypothalamus

Question 9

The ________ produces releasing hormones that stimulate and inhabiting hormones that restrict the production of several hormones produced by the anterior pituitary.

Answer 9

hypothalamus

Question 10

testes secrete _______, which promotes development of male sex characteristics.

Answer 10

testosterone

steroid hormone

Question 11

ovaries secrete __________, which promotes development of female sex characteristics.

Answer 11

estrogen

steroid hormone

Question 12

Adrenal gland secretes __________, which regulates heart rate, blood pressure.

Answer 12

epinephrine

nonsteroid hormone

Question 13

Anterior pituitary secretes ____________, which stimulates development of eggs in ovaries and sperm in testes.

Answer 13

FSH

nonsteroid hormone

Question 14

Pancreas secretes _______, which triggers liver to convert hepatic glycogen stores into glucose and release glucose into the blood.

Answer 14

glucagon

nonsteroid hormone

Question 15

Anterior pituitary secretes __________, which stimulates growth.

Answer 15

growth hormone

nonsteroid hormone

Question 16

hypothalamus secretes __________, which restricts the production of certain hormones.

Answer 16

inhibiting hormones

nonsteroid hormone

Question 17

Pancreas secretes __________, a hormone that triggers the influx of glucose into cells, thus lowering blood glucose levels.

Answer 17

insulin

nonsteroid hormone

Question 18

anterior pituitary secretes _________, which triggers ovulation in ovaries and the production of terstoerone by testes.

Answer 18

LH

nonsteroid hormone

Question 19

pineal gland secretes ________, which plays a role in maintaining circadian rhythms.

Answer 19

melatonin

nonsteroid hormone

Question 20

posterior pituitary secretes _________, which stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth.

Answer 20

oxytocin

nonsteroid hormone

Question 21

parathyroid secretes ________, which elevates plasma calcium levels. (activates osteoclasts for reabsorption, inhibits kidneys from releasing calcium in urine.)

Answer 21

parathyroid hormone

nonsteroid hormone

Question 22

hypothalamus secretes _________, which stimulates the production of certain hormones.

Answer 22

releasing hormones

nonsteroid hormone

Question 23

thyroid secretes _________, which regulates growth, development, and metabolic rate.

Answer 23

thyroid hormone

nonsteroid hormone

Question 24

_______ and ______ are steroid hormones, which allow them to pass easily through cell and nuclear membranes.

Answer 24

testosterone and estrogen

Question 25

The _______ is a gland located behind the manubrium in adults, it is also a lymphoid organ, and it’s the place where the immune system T-cells are produced.

Answer 25

thymus