A&P Midterm Flashcards
The layer of the pleura membrane that lines the entire thoracic cavity is known as the _____________________ layer.
parietal
The structure that divides the ventral cavity into two parts is the
diaphragm
The red dot is ____________ to the blue dot.
rostral
The structure that divides the ventral cavity into two parts is the
diaphragm
Which of these is an example of microanatomy?
examining cells on a blood smear
Inflammation of the pleura membrane is known as _______________________.
pleuritis
Which anatomic plane divides the body into equal R and L halves?
median plane
The dog has 13 pairs of ribs- each rib on the right side of the thorax has a matching rib on the left side of the thorax. This is an example of
bilateral symmetry
The study of the normal function of living organisms is
physiology
An example of a group of different types of tissues working together for a common purpose is/are
the brain.
The reference plane that divides the body into cranial and caudal parts that are not necessarily equal is the
transverse plane.
Which end of a donkey’s tail attaches to the body?
proximal
The layer of the pleura membrane that covers the organs in the thoracic cavity is known as the _____________________ layer.
visceral
The red line is along the ____________ aspect of the leg.
plantar
Which anatomic plane divides the body into equal R and L halves?
median plane
The shoulder of a camel is ____________ to its carpus.
proximal
Choose the correct term to complete the statement. In the picture of the horse, G in on the ________ aspect of the right rear leg.
medial
Which anatomic plane separates the body into cranial and caudal regions?
transverse plane
The thin membrane that lines the thoracic cavity is known as the ______________________ membrane.
pleura
If you were told to look for a cut on the palmar surface of a dog”s leg, where would you look?
the back surface of the front leg below the carpus
The body cavity that contains the heart is the
thoracic cavity.
Choose the correct term to complete the statement. In the picture of the horse, F is ________ to E.
distal
The red line is along the ____________ aspect of the leg.
cranial
The red line is along the ____________ aspect of the leg.
caudal
The layer of the pleura membrane that lines the entire thoracic cavity is known as the _____________________ layer.
parietal
The layer of the peritoneum membrane that lines the entire abdominal cavity is known as the _____________________ layer.
parietal
Which letter in the diagram indicates “plantar”?
D
The layer of the pleura membrane that covers the organs in the thoracic cavity is known as the _____________________ layer.
visceral
The outer surface of a cow’s leg that is facing away from its body is the __________ surface.
lateral
The red dot is on the ____________ aspect of the leg.
medial
The red line is along the ____________ aspect of the leg.
palmar
The red dot is ____________ to the blue dot.
proximal
The red dot is on the ____________ aspect of the leg.
lateral
The layer of the pleura membrane that lines the entire thoracic cavity is known as the _____________________ layer.
parietal
In the picture above C is ________ to D.
rostral
The thin membrane that lines the whole thoracic cavity is called the parietal layer of _________________.
pleura
Inflammation of the pleura membrane is known as _______________________.
pleuritis or pleurisy
The red line lies along the ____________ plane.
dorsal
The red line is along the ____________ aspect of the leg.
dorsal
The type of tissue that forms sweat glands is __ tissue.
epithelial
On a horse, the area dorsal to the scapulas is known as the
withers
The layer of the peritoneum membrane that covers the organs in the abdominal cavity is known as the _____________________ layer.
visceral
The plane labelled B in the diagram is the
dorsal place
Which anatomic plane separates the body into cranial and caudal regions?
transverse plane
The body cavity that contains the heart is the
thoracic cavity.
The reference plane that divides the body into cranial and caudal parts that are not necessarily equal is the
transverse plane.
The layer of the peritoneum membrane that covers the organs in the abdominal cavity is known as the _____________________ layer.
visceral
This body cavity lies caudal to the diaphragm. This is the _____________________ cavity.
abdominal
H + is the symbol for ____________ ion.
hydrogen
Mg +2 is the symbol for ____________ ion.
magnesium
NH 4 + is the symbol for ____________ ion.
ammonium
CA +2 is the symbol for ____________ ion.
calcium
Which group of lipids has a hydrophilic end and a hydrophobic end that causes them to line up in two layers when placed in water?
phospholipids
A/An ______ is formed when an atom gains or loses an electron.
ion
Water is the most abundant substance in the body. Which is true of water?
It is a compound.
An ____________ bond is formed when one atom in a molecule loses electrons and another gains electrons.
ionic
Which group of lipids is made up of a glycerol molecule and three fatty acids?
neutral fats
Substances that are catalyzed by enzymes are
substrates
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen are the ____________ that make up most of the matter found in living organisms.
elements
____________ have a negative electrical charge and orbit around the nucleus of the atom.
electrons
Denatured proteins become
a straight chain of amino acids.
A covalent bond is formed between two molecules when they share _____________.
electrons
Choose the term that makes the statement true. If at atom (gains/ loses) electrons it will become a positively charged ion.
loses
Electrolytes are ________ _________.
ionized salts.
Water and fats don”t mix well because fats are
hydrophobic
To buffer a solution means to
keep the solution in a neutral pH range.
An ion with a positive charge is a/an
cation
A ____________ is the smallest unit of a compound that retains the unique properties of the compound.
molecule
____________ have a neutral electrical charge and are found in the nucleus of the atom.
neutrons
Which of these is an example of a pure substance?
100% oxygen in a tank.
Which group of lipids is made up of a glycerol molecule and three fatty acids?
neutral fats
A(n) ____________ is a protein that acts as a catalyst for chemical reactions in the cell.
enzyme
Iodine-127 and I-131 are isotopes. This means
they have different numbers of neutrons.
Water is the universal ____________.
solvent
Which is true of buffers?
They are weak acids or weak bases.
Which is true of buffers?
They are weak acids or weak bases.
Which group of lipids is made up of a glycerol molecule and three fatty acids?
neutral fats
____________ have a positive electrical charge and are found in the nucleus of the atom.
protons
Substances that are catalyzed by enzymes are
substrates
Electrolytes are present when a ________ is dissolved in water.
salt
The three major subatomic particles are protons, neutrons and ____________.
electrons
Blood samples are typically centrifuged to separate the blood cells from the serum. This is an example of
a physical process
Glycogen, the storage form of glucose, is a
polysaccharide.
A covalent bond is formed between two molecules when they share _____________.
electrons
Which group of lipids contains prostaglandins that help mediate an inflammatory reaction?
eicosanoids
Hair is an example of a ___________ protein.
structural
Of the pH values below, which is considered ‘neutral’ pH?
7
Choose the term that makes the statement true. If at atom (gains/ loses) electrons it will become a negatively charged ion.
gains
Digestive enzymes help breakdown complex molecules like proteins and carbohydrates by catalysing ____________ reactions.
hydrolysis
Special proteins in living organisms that speed up a chemical reaction but are not destroyed or used up are called
catalysts/enzymes.
Fe+3 is the symbol for ____________ ion.
ferric or iron (III)
The energy source for cells of the body to function properly is stored in and released by
ATP
____________ have a positive electrical charge and are found in the nucleus of the atom.
protons
A polypeptide can be made up of a chain of as many as _____ amino acids.
100
Which four elements make up 96% of the matter found in all living organisms?
Correctb. hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen
A saturated fatty acid is defined as
a chain of carbon atoms with one or two hydrogen atoms attached to each carbon atom by a single bond.
A sequence of nucleotides that carries information to make one peptide chain is a/an
gene
Which is true of hydrogen bonds?
They form between complementary bases in strands of nucleic acid.
An example of an organic compound is
carbohydrate
HCO 3 - is the symbol for ____________ ion.
bicarbonate
Which organelle in the cell breaks down large nutrient molecules into smaller molecules that can be used as fuel in the cell?
mitochondria
This thickest and strongest fiber in a cell is the
mitochondria
This thickest and strongest fiber in a cell is the
microtubule
Within the cell secretory granules, mitochondria and lysosomes will attach to
microtubules
Within the cell secretory granules, mitochondria and lysosomes will attach to
microtubules
