A New Testamant chapter 1

Question 1

Apocrypha

Answer 1

books found in the Septuagint but not in the Hebrew bible. These books were never accepted as canonical by the Jewish community.

Question 2

Apostles

Answer 2

recognized as authorities in the church. The 14 sent by Christ

Question 3

Athanasius

Answer 3

Fourth-century bishop of Alexandria. One of the most powerful opponents of the theological position known as Arianism.

Question 4

Canon

Answer 4

A group of authoritative writings. (the bible)

Question 5

Constantine

Answer 5

Roman emperor. First granted toleration to the church and began to favor it because he thought the God of the church granted him the ability to take control of the empire

Question 6

Council of Trent

Answer 6

Anti-Reformation Council. Rejected many reformation doctrines and included the first official declaration about which books in the bible were canonical

Question 7

Dead Sea Scrolls

Answer 7

The manuscripts found in the caves around the Qumran compounded at the northwestern end of the dead sea. Provide some of the earliest evidence for text of the Hebrew bible

Question 8

Exile

Answer 8

When the nation of Judah suffered defeat at the hands of the Babylonians and the Babylonians forced Judah people to move to Babylon

Question 9

Gnostic Christians

Answer 9

Believed that Jesus could not become a man because men are people of God (who is evil)

Question 10

Hebrew Bible

Answer 10

Old Testament, but in different orders.

Question 11

Huldah

Answer 11

Woman recognized as a prophet who confirmed that the book found in he temple by workers during Josiah’s reform was Gods word

Question 12

Jerome

Answer 12

Biblical scholar who translated Bible into latin. His translation (called the Vulgate) becomes standard translation for centuries

Question 13

Josephus

Answer 13

Jewish writer who was a general in the revolt of 66-70. After his capture he becomes the historian for Roman general Vespasian.

Question 14

Judah

Answer 14

The name of the southern kingdom who capital was Jerusalem. When Israelites divided into two nations the other was called Israel

Question 15

Marcion

Answer 15

Asia minor who went to Rome and tried to gain a position of leadership in the church. Argued the bible came from different god than the God seen in Jesus (Jesus could not be a man)

Question 16

Muratorian Canon

Answer 16

canonical writings set down in the late second century

Question 17

New Testament

Answer 17

The collection of 27 writings that the church added to the Hebrew Scriptures to complete their canon. Development: 1.) Crises of Destruction of Jerusalem. 2.) Perceived need for tighter boundaries. 3.) Proliferation of Sectaricism and New scripture. 4.) Marcon’s Canon and the proto-orthodox Response.

Question 18

Old Testament

Answer 18

Hebrew Bible

Question 19

Pentateuch

Answer 19

First five books of the bible (The torah)

Question 20

Second Temple Judaism

Answer 20

The various forms of religious expression practiced by jews in their worships of the God of Abraham. Started at the return of the Babylon exile and ended with destruction of the temple by the Romans

Question 21

Septuagint

Answer 21

The Greed translation of the Hebrew Scriptures (Old Testament)

Question 22

Torah

Answer 22

The first five books of the bible

Question 23

Vulgate

Answer 23

The Latin translation of the whole bible completed by Jerome.

Question 24

New Testament formation in Early Christian Writings

Answer 24

1. ) Pauls letters

2. ) Collection of four gospels

Question 25

Accepted books among the proto-orthodox

Answer 25

1. ) Four Gospels
2. ) Acts
3. ) Paul

Question 26

Pro-Orthodox

Answer 26

Jesus was a man, and also god. God is 3 in one.

Question 27

Development of OT Canon

Answer 27

1. )Destruction of Jerusalem
2. ) Need for tighter boundries
3. ) Proliferation of Sectarianism and New Scripture
4. ) Septuagint–translation into greek (the bible)
5. ) Tanakh–abbreviation of the laws

Question 28

Development of the NT Canon

Answer 28

1. ) destruction of jerusalm
2. ) Perceived need for tighter boundaries
3. ) Need for new scripture
4. ) Marcion’s Canon and pro-orthodox Response

Question 29

Jerome vs Martin Luther

Answer 29

Jerome kept all 27 books of the New Testament when he translated it to Latin. Martin wanted the Apocrypha out