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DAT BIO > 90-130 > Flashcards

90-130 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

What can remove peripheral proteins

A

Mild treatment with salt

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1
Q

Blue green algae

A

Prokaryotes form kingdom monera

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2
Q

Treatment of integral proteins

A

Detergent

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3
Q

Birth control pills control hormones

A

Estrogen and progestin

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4
Q

Progesterone

A

Decrease FSH and LH levels- leading

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5
Q

Myelin is made by

A

Schwann cells

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6
Q

Gluconeogenesis

A

Occurs in cytosine

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7
Q

Where is prolactin produced

A

Anterior pituitary gland

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8
Q

Hormones of anterior pituitary gland

A

HGH, LH , FSH, TSH, Prolactin

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10
Q

Hormones of posterior pituitary gland

A

ADH (vasopressin) and oxytocin - made in hypothalamus

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11
Q

most accurate way to work out molecular structures

A

X-Ray diffraction

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12
Q

peptidoglycans

A

macromolecules found in prokaryotes only; it’s what the cell wall is made up of; made up of polysaccharide and polypeptide chains.

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13
Q

Gram positive results

A

thick peptidoglycan layer and appear purple

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14
Q

Gram negative results

A

thin peptidoglycan layer and washes off

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15
Q

teichoic acids

A

used as recognition and binding sites by bacterial viruses that accuses infection (also in gram positive bacteria and covalently attached to the peptidoglycan layer)

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16
Q

nerve signal sequence

A

presynaptic cell-synaptic cleft- postsynaptic cell

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17
Q

the middle ear (3)

A

incus, malleus, stapes

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18
Q

inner ear

A

seminuclear canals, and cochlea

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19
Q

what’s secreted by the adrenal cortex

A

aldosterone and cortisol

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20
Q

what’s secreted by the adrenal medulla

A

epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine

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21
Q

what raises and lowers glucose levels ?

A

glucagon (made by pancreatic cells ) and cortisol raise glucose levels ; while insulin (made in the Beta cells) and lowers glucose levels

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22
Q

aldosterone

A

involved in Na+ reabsorption and K+ secretion in the kidneys collecting duct, as well as a rise in blood press and blood volume

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23
Q

Fungi

A

are eukaryotic heterotrophs, secrete digestive enzymes and then absorb the soluble products of digestion ; more similar to human cells than plant cells; attach dead matter and living tissue

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24
Q

what are fungi composed of? how do they reproduce

A

hyphase - collectively called mycelium? sexually and asexually?

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25
Q

saprophytic

A

break down the remains of living organisms that have died

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26
Q

habitat

A

physical environment in which the organism lives

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27
Q

niche

A

the role that an organism plays in its natural community, the way the organism lives, eats and reproduces

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28
Q

community

A

interacting of different populations of species

29
Q

biome

A

geographic region inhabited by a distinct community

30
Q

coagulase

A

enzyme produced by staphylococcus bacteria tha tallows blood to clot

31
Q

various symbiotic relationships

A

parasitism (+) (-); commemsalism (+) (-); mutualism (+) (+)

32
Q

annelids

A

true coeloms, closed circulatory systems, closed body cavity, Earthworm!

33
Q

Nephridia

A

excretory struture

34
Q

ganglia

A

cluster of nerve cell bodies

35
Q

morula

A

solid ball of cells ; divide mitotically to form hollow ball of cells called blastula- blastula turns into gastrula

36
Q

ectoderm

A

hair, eyes, skin, nervous system, lens of the eye

37
Q

endoderm

A

lining of bladder, digestive and respiratory tracts, liver, pancreas, gall bladder

38
Q

mesoderm

A

skeleton, muscles, gonads, kidney, and circulatory system

39
Q

cells of the stomach

A

chief, parietal, g, mucous

40
Q

chief cells

A

secrete pesinogen

41
Q

parietal cells

A

secrete HCL, intrinsic factor (b-12 absorption)

42
Q

G-cells

A

secrete the hormone gastrin which stimulate HCL production of parietal cells

43
Q

mucous cells

A

secrete mucous that lubricates that stomach and protects the stomach from HCl produced

44
Q

osteoblast

A

secrete collagen, build bone

45
Q

osteoclasts

A

break bone down

46
Q

parathyroid hormone (PTH)

A

will stimulate osteoclastic activity, while calcitonin tones down the blood calcium level by decreasing osteoclastic activity .

47
Q

platyhelminthes

A

unsegmented flatworms that are invertebrates, lack specialized nervous, circulatory and respiratory systems; o2 and co2 transport is by diffusion

48
Q

epinephrine

A

increase heart rate, reparatory rate; increase blood GLU, BF to skeletal muscle; increase rate of glycogenolysis; will constrict blood vessels to decrease blood supply to digestive tract and kidneys; dilation o pupils; increase BF to brain and NP

49
Q

nitrogen fixation occurs in

A

root nodule

50
Q

what increases the basal metabolic rate

A

thyroxin

51
Q

what synthesizes adrenaline and noradrenaline

A

adrenal medulla

52
Q

why do the collecting ducts of the kidney to be more permeable to H2O?

A

ADH may increase BP

53
Q

ADH and Oxytoxin made by… and store in….

A

made by the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary gland

54
Q

adaptive radiation

A

we see a # of different species emerge from a single ancestor (a type of divergent evolution ) ex) finches on galapagos island

55
Q

assumptions of the hardy-weinburg equilibrium

A

Assumes a large population, random mating, no net migration, no mutation, no natural selection, there should be no change in the gene pool of a population

56
Q

translocation

A

when two non homologous chromosomes interchange genes

57
Q

exceptions to the genetic code

A

only seen in the mitochondria

58
Q

mitochondrial DNA is inherited from..

A

the mother

59
Q

anticodon

A

a triplet of nucleotides on the t-RNA

60
Q

how many codons to make a nucleotide

A

3

61
Q

how are enzymes deactivated

A

feedback inhibition

62
Q

what prevents the Corpus Luteuym from breaking down

A

human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)

63
Q

what’s secreted by the Corpus Luteum

A

Estradiol and progesterone

64
Q

transduction

A

the transfer of DNA by a virus

65
Q

initiation of the heart beat is largely controlled by the

A

SA Node

66
Q

amphioxus and tunicates

A

chordates that are invertabrates

67
Q

the inferior vena cava carries blood from the lower extremities to

A

right atria

68
Q

enterogastrone

A

made induodenum, when fatty food is in the intestine, it inhibits stomach gland secretion and slows the stomach’s muscular movement.

DAT BIO (12 decks)

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