9 Social Interaction

Question 1

ascribed status

Answer 1

involuntary (race, ethnicity, gender, family, background)

Question 2

achieved status

Answer 2

gained as result of efforts/choices

ex. “doctor”

Question 3

master status

Answer 3

by which a person is most identified
most important
affects all aspects of the person’s life

Question 4

role performance

Answer 4

carrying out role (behaviors given)

Question 5

role partner

Answer 5

behaviors & expectations change of role as partner changes

Question 6

role strain

Answer 6

difficulty satisfying multiple expectations of multiple roles

Question 7

role exit

Answer 7

dropping off one identity for another

Question 8

in-group

Answer 8

person belongs

Question 9

out-group

Answer 9

person competes/in opposition with

Question 10

reference group

Answer 10

establish terms by which individuals evaluate themselves

Question 11

primary group

Answer 11

direct interactions

Question 12

secondary group

Answer 12

superficial interactions

Question 13

community

Answer 13

unified by feelings of togetherness due to shared beliefs, ancestry, geography

ex. families and neighborhoods

Question 14

society

Answer 14

mutual self-interest working together for same goal

ex. companies and countries

Question 15

system for multiple levels of observation of groups

Answer 15

1. dominance v. submission
2. friendliness vs. unfriendliness
3. instrumentally controlled v. emotionally expressive

Question 16

group conformity

Answer 16

groupthink: focus solely on ideas generated within groups

ignore all other ideas

Question 17

network redundancy

Answer 17

overlapping connections with the same individuals

Question 18

immediate networks

Answer 18

dense/strong ties

Question 19

distant networks

Answer 19

looser, contain weak ties

Question 20

formal organizations

Answer 20

1. continue despite departure of single individual
2. organizations have specific goals
3. enforcement procedures for member control
4. hierarchal allotment of formal roles/duties to members

Question 21

characteristic institution

Answer 21

basic organization of society

Question 22

self-presentation

Answer 22

displaying oneself to society through culturally accepted behaviors

“impression management”

Question 23

basic model of emotional expression

Answer 23

facial expressions, behaviors, postures, vocal changes, physiological changes

expression evolves
should be similar across cultures

Question 24

appraisal model

Answer 24

biologically predetermined expressions once emotion is experienced
BUT cognitive antecedent to emotional expression

Question 25

social construction model

Answer 25

no biological basis for emotions

experiences and situational context alone

Question 26

display rules

Answer 26

cultural expressions of emotions

Question 27

cultural syndrome

Answer 27

shared set of beliefs, attitudes, norms, values, behaviors

organized around a central theme

Question 28

impression management

Answer 28

attempts to influence how others perceive us

• authentic self: actually are
• ideal self: optimal conditions
• tactical self: market ourselves to be when adhering to expectations of others

Question 29

Goffman: dramaturgical approach

Answer 29

metaphor of theatrical performance for creating images of oneself in different situations

1. front stage - actor in front of audience, performs in accordance to script (image he wants others to see)
2. not being observed, free to act however (may not be congruent to public persona)

Question 30

communication

Answer 30

verbal v. nonverbal

Question 31

animal connection

Answer 31

intraspecific v. interspecific