1 Biology and Behavior Flashcards
sensory neurons
receptors –> spinal cord and brain
“afferent”
PNS
interneurons
reflexive behavior
CNS
motor neurons
brain and spinal cord –> muscles
“efferent”
PNS
reflexive arc
sensory neurons –> motor neurons
affected –> cause effet
“A before E”
sympathetic nervous system
activated by stress; “fight or flight”
- secretion of adrenaline
- pupil dilation
- relaxes bronchi
- accelerated heart rate
- inhibits peristalsis
- stimulates glucose production
- inhibits bladder activity
parasympathetic division
conserve energy; “rest and digest”
forebrain
perceptual, cognitive, behavioral processes
midbrain
sensorimotor reflexes
hindbrain
balance, motor coordination, breathing, digestion
pons
hindbrain;
relays information, regulates sleep
medulla oblongata
hindbrain;
breathing, heartbeat, blood pressure
cerebellum
hindbrain;
coordination
superior colliculus
midbrain;
visual sensory input
inferior colliculus
midbrain;
auditory sensory input
thalamus
forebrain; diencephalon
relay station
sorts
“way station”
hypothalamus
forebrain; diencephalon
homeostasis
emotional experience
endocrine function
“feeding, fighting, flighting, function (sex)”
posterior pituitary
forebrain; diencephalon
release ADH/oxytocin
pineal gland
forebrain; diencephalon
circadian rhythms
melatonin secretion
basal ganglia
forebrain; telencephalon
relay to CNS
coordinate muscle movement
smooth muscle function
posture
limbic system
forebrain; telencephalon
emotions/memory
hippocampus: learning/memory
amygdala: reactions (emotion)
cerebral cortex
forebrain; telencephalon
2 hemispheres; 4 lobes
cerebral cortex: frontal lobe
executive function
cerebral cortex: parietal lobe
spatial orientation
cerebral cortex: occipital lobe
visual cortex
