7 Psychological Disorders Flashcards
biomedical approach
any disorder gas roots in biomedical disturbances
thus, any solution = biomedical
biophysical approach
1) biological (body)
2) psychological (brain)
3) social (environment)
components to disorder
schizophrenia
prototypical psychological disorder
DSM-5: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thought, disorganized behavior, catatonia, negative symptoms
prodomal phase: poor adjustment, clear evidence of deterioration, before diagnosis
- slow = worse prognosis
positive symptoms
behaviors, thoughts, feelings added to the normal
negative symptoms
absence of normal/desired behavior
major depressive disorder (MDD)
mood disorder characterized by at least one major depressive episode
at least 2 weeks with 5 symptoms
symptoms = SIG E. CAPS
persistent depressive disorder
dysthymia;
depressed mood not severe enough for MDD, but for at least 2 years
seasonal affective disorder (SAD)
MDD with seasonal onset (often wintertime)
bipolar disorder
major mood disorder characterized by both depression and mania
Bipolar I
main episodes with or without major depressive episodes
Bipolar II
hypomania with at least one major depressive episode
cyclothymic disorder
combo hypomanic episodes and periods of dysthymia (not severe enough MDD)
generalized anxiety disorder
disproportionate and persistent worry about many different things
specific phobia
anxiety produced by specific object/situation
social anxiety disorder
anxiety due to a social situation
agoraphobia
being in places/situations difficult to escape from
panic disorder
characterized by panic attacks (repeated)
obsessive-compulsive disorder
obsessions produce tensions
compulsions that relive tensions
cause significant impairments in person’s life
body dysmorphic disorder
unrealistic negative evaluation of his/her personal appearance or attractiveness
post-traumatic stress disorder
experiencing/witnessing a traumatic event
intrusion: reliving
avoidance: deliberate attempts to avoid thoughts of it
negative cognitive symptoms: inability to recall, negative emotions, distance from others
arousal symptoms: increased startle response, irritability, anxiety, self-destructive/reckless behavior, sleep disturbance
dissociative disorders
person avoids stress by escaping from his identity
otherwise still has intact sense of reality
dissociative amnesia
inability to recall past experiences
dissociative fugue
dissociative identity disorder
2+ personalities recurrently take control of person’s behavior
depersonalization/derealization disorder
detachment from own mind/body/surroundings
