9. Glycogen Metabolism Flashcards
How are residues and branches linked and what is the percentage of each?
Residues: a-1,4-glycosidic bonds: 93%
Branches: a-1,6-glycosidic bonds: 7%
Main storage sites
Liver and muscle
What is glucostat used for?
Maintain BG levels to balance out episodic nature of food intake
Role of adrenaline in glycogenolysis
Fight or flight response induces glycogen breakdown, frequently too
In glycogenesis, what is the ratio of ATP:Glucose?
2:1
What is the active form of glucose?
UDP-Glucose
What enzyme creates glycogen?
Glycogen synthase
Which 3 enzymes are needed to synthesise glycogen?
UDP-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase
Glycogen Synthase
Branching Enzyme (amylo-1,4 -> 1,6-transglycosylase)
What is glucosyl residue from UDP-glucose used for?
Transferred to non reducing end of glycogen to form an a-1,4-glycosidic bond
Why is the primer glycogenin needed?
Glycogen synthase is only able to extend an existing chain
Catabolic process that results in the formation of free glucose or G-6-P
Glycogenolysis
What enzyme degrades glycogen?
Glycogen phosphorylase
What is released when glycogen is degraded?
Glucose-1-phosphate
At which end is glycogen degraded?
Non-reducing end
How many G-1-P residues are released per branch point?
7-9