9- Biotechnology And Gene Manipulation

Question 1

Autoradiography

Answer 1

A technique that uses film sensitive to radiation, most commonly X rays, to visualise the molecule(s) fragments that have been labelled with a radioactive isotope.

Question 2

Genetic engineering

Answer 2

Techniques using recombinant DNA to produce organisms with different genes

Question 3

Genetic fingerprint

Answer 3

A process that is able to identify natural variations that exist within everyone’s DNA, using the polymerase chain reactions and gel electrophoresis

Question 4

Genome

Answer 4

The total DNA of the haploid Ste of chromosomes in a na organism

Question 5

Plasmid

Answer 5

A piece of DNA found in bacteria and yeast that is able to replicate independently of the main chromosomes of the cell.

Question 6

Recombinant DNA technology

Answer 6

Transferring a gene from a cell of a member of one species to the cell of a different species

Question 7

Stem cells

Answer 7

Unspecialised cells with the potential to develop into many different types of cells.

Question 8

Amplification

Answer 8

Unknown

Question 9

Biotechnology

Answer 9

The branch of science that deals with the manipulation of biological processes

Question 10

Blunt end

Answer 10

Ends produced when restriction enzymes cut down DNA at the same position on both anti-parallel strands, leaving no overhanging edges.

Question 11

Denaturing (DNA)

Answer 11

The process of heating up DNA which cause the hydrogen bonds between the bases to break leaving the two stands apart.

Question 12

DNA ligase

Answer 12

An enzyme that synthesises bonds between adjacent nucleotides.

Question 13

DNA polymerase

Answer 13

The enzyme used that catalysed the assembly of fragments of DNA