5- Invaders ✅ Flashcards
Bacteriophages
A type of virus that is parasitic towards bacteria
Binary fission
A type of cell division of prokaryotic where two daughter cells are formed from the parent cell
Chitin
A polysaccharide composed of glucose like units that contain nitrogen. Its structure is similar to cellulose
Commensalism
A form of symbiosis of two species where one is benefited and the other is uneffected
Communicable
Able to be communicated from one organism to another
Contagious
Able to be transferred by direct contact
Ectoparasite
An parasite that lives on the outside of its host
Endoparasite
A parasite that lives inside its host
Encysted
To be enclosed in a cyst
Endemic
A disease confided to a geographic region or population
A organism that is confined to a specific place or location
Endospore
A hard walled spore that forms with the original bacterial cell, not by budding off
Flagellum
Fine cellular projections form 20-100um in length on the surface of Protozoa, bacteria and sperm
Gametocytes
Male or female sex cells
Host
An organism from which a parasite derives its survival requirements such as nutrients, or shelter
Immune
Term used to describe something that is not effected by something else
Incubation period
The period of time after infection where the pathogen builds in strength before showing symptoms
Infectious
An agent that can be transmitted from one organism to another
Innate
Not learnt, inherently know
Keratinised
To become scalely
Lyses
To undergo lysis (cell poping)
Merozoite
The daughter cell of a protozoan parasite
Microorganism
Any organism that can be seen with a microscope
Mortality
To do with death
Mutualism
A form of symbiosis where both parties are benefitted in some way
Mycelium
Fine thread like filaments of fungi that form a mass or ball
Non-infectious
An agent that cannot be transmitted from one organism to another
Obligate
Describes an organism that can only survive in another organism
Outbreak
A sudden increase in the incidence of something, in this case, a disease causing pathogen
Pandemic
Worldwide disease
Pathogenicity
The disease causing capacity of a pathogen
Pathogen
Any disease causing organism or molecule
Peptidoglycan
A protein-carbohydrate compound that makes up the cell walls of prokaryotes, such as bacteria
Phytoalexins
Chemicals produced by plants under attack, plant antibodies
Platelet
Cell fragments found in the blood that cause coagulation and clogging of wounds
Prions
Infectious self-reproducing protein particles
Resistance
Describes the extent to which an organism is or is not effected by an agent such as a pathogen or chemical toxin
Vector
An agent that transfers something such as a pathogen from one location to another
Susceptibility
Describes the level of response by an organism to a pathogen
Virulence
Describes the intensity of the effect of a pathogen
Disease
A disorder of function in an organism, especially one that targets specifics, that being organism, organ, cells etc, from this it shows specific signs and symptoms
Carrier
An individual that carries a the microorganisms of a disease with out showing symptoms
Epidemic
A disease that affects a large population of individuals in a population or segment of a population over a defined period of time.
Host
An organism from which a parasite derives its survival requirements such as nutrients and shelter
Symptom
A physical or mental feature that is regarded as indicating a condition of disease
Agent
Any molecule or organism that is capable of producing an effect.
Organism
A living being composed of organs, tissues, cell and organelles
Parasite
An organism that live in (endoparasite) or on (ectoparasite) another organism relying on it for the necessities of life
Chemical defence
A process in immune defence where chemicals (cytokines, histamines, and so on) are used in defending the body.
Lysozyme
An enzyme (in tears) that’s catalyses the destruction of the cell walls of certain bacteria
Mucous membrane
A layer of mucous that covers a surface, it is used to protect from pathogenetic agents
Physical barrier
A ‘wall’ that defends an area from infection of an organism
