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Biology BC 3&4 > 5- Invaders ✅ > Flashcards

5- Invaders ✅ Flashcards

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1
Q

Bacteriophages

A

A type of virus that is parasitic towards bacteria

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2
Q

Binary fission

A

A type of cell division of prokaryotic where two daughter cells are formed from the parent cell

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3
Q

Chitin

A

A polysaccharide composed of glucose like units that contain nitrogen. Its structure is similar to cellulose

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4
Q

Commensalism

A

A form of symbiosis of two species where one is benefited and the other is uneffected

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5
Q

Communicable

A

Able to be communicated from one organism to another

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6
Q

Contagious

A

Able to be transferred by direct contact

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7
Q

Ectoparasite

A

An parasite that lives on the outside of its host

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8
Q

Endoparasite

A

A parasite that lives inside its host

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9
Q

Encysted

A

To be enclosed in a cyst

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10
Q

Endemic

A

A disease confided to a geographic region or population

A organism that is confined to a specific place or location

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11
Q

Endospore

A

A hard walled spore that forms with the original bacterial cell, not by budding off

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12
Q

Flagellum

A

Fine cellular projections form 20-100um in length on the surface of Protozoa, bacteria and sperm

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13
Q

Gametocytes

A

Male or female sex cells

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14
Q

Host

A

An organism from which a parasite derives its survival requirements such as nutrients, or shelter

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15
Q

Immune

A

Term used to describe something that is not effected by something else

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16
Q

Incubation period

A

The period of time after infection where the pathogen builds in strength before showing symptoms

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17
Q

Infectious

A

An agent that can be transmitted from one organism to another

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18
Q

Innate

A

Not learnt, inherently know

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19
Q

Keratinised

A

To become scalely

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20
Q

Lyses

A

To undergo lysis (cell poping)

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21
Q

Merozoite

A

The daughter cell of a protozoan parasite

22
Q

Microorganism

A

Any organism that can be seen with a microscope

23
Q

Mortality

A

To do with death

24
Q

Mutualism

A

A form of symbiosis where both parties are benefitted in some way

25
Q

Mycelium

A

Fine thread like filaments of fungi that form a mass or ball

26
Q

Non-infectious

A

An agent that cannot be transmitted from one organism to another

27
Q

Obligate

A

Describes an organism that can only survive in another organism

28
Q

Outbreak

A

A sudden increase in the incidence of something, in this case, a disease causing pathogen

29
Q

Pandemic

A

Worldwide disease

30
Q

Pathogenicity

A

The disease causing capacity of a pathogen

31
Q

Pathogen

A

Any disease causing organism or molecule

32
Q

Peptidoglycan

A

A protein-carbohydrate compound that makes up the cell walls of prokaryotes, such as bacteria

33
Q

Phytoalexins

A

Chemicals produced by plants under attack, plant antibodies

34
Q

Platelet

A

Cell fragments found in the blood that cause coagulation and clogging of wounds

35
Q

Prions

A

Infectious self-reproducing protein particles

36
Q

Resistance

A

Describes the extent to which an organism is or is not effected by an agent such as a pathogen or chemical toxin

37
Q

Vector

A

An agent that transfers something such as a pathogen from one location to another

38
Q

Susceptibility

A

Describes the level of response by an organism to a pathogen

39
Q

Virulence

A

Describes the intensity of the effect of a pathogen

40
Q

Disease

A

A disorder of function in an organism, especially one that targets specifics, that being organism, organ, cells etc, from this it shows specific signs and symptoms

41
Q

Carrier

A

An individual that carries a the microorganisms of a disease with out showing symptoms

42
Q

Epidemic

A

A disease that affects a large population of individuals in a population or segment of a population over a defined period of time.

43
Q

Host

A

An organism from which a parasite derives its survival requirements such as nutrients and shelter

44
Q

Symptom

A

A physical or mental feature that is regarded as indicating a condition of disease

45
Q

Agent

A

Any molecule or organism that is capable of producing an effect.

46
Q

Organism

A

A living being composed of organs, tissues, cell and organelles

47
Q

Parasite

A

An organism that live in (endoparasite) or on (ectoparasite) another organism relying on it for the necessities of life

48
Q

Chemical defence

A

A process in immune defence where chemicals (cytokines, histamines, and so on) are used in defending the body.

49
Q

Lysozyme

A

An enzyme (in tears) that’s catalyses the destruction of the cell walls of certain bacteria

50
Q

Mucous membrane

A

A layer of mucous that covers a surface, it is used to protect from pathogenetic agents

51
Q

Physical barrier

A

A ‘wall’ that defends an area from infection of an organism

Biology BC 3&4 (12 decks)

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