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Pharm > 9 - Adrenergic Agents > Flashcards

9 - Adrenergic Agents Flashcards

1
Q

Adrenegic agents

A

Drugs that mimic or enhance actions of EP or NE

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2
Q

Direct acting agents

A

Activate adrenegic recptores

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3
Q

Indirect acting agents

A

No direct receptor actions
CAT inhibitors
monamine oxidase inhibitors

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4
Q

Adrenolitic agents

A

Block NE/EP actions

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5
Q

Chemical properties of catecholamines

A

Catechol ring

Oxidized in room air

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6
Q

Catecholamine drugs

A

Dopamine
Norepi.
Epin.
Isoproterenol

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7
Q

Properties of catecholamines

A

Not well absorbed
Rapid onset
Short duration
Enzymatic degradation

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8
Q

Two families of adrenegic receptors

A

Alpha

Beta

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9
Q

What receptors does Epi have a stronger action on

A

Beta

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10
Q

Norepi has stronger action on what receptors

A

Alpha

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11
Q

Where are alpha receptors located

A

Visceral organs

CNS

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12
Q

A1 effects

A

Increased PI formation

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13
Q

A2 effects

A

Decreased cAMP formation

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14
Q

Phenylephrine receptors

A

Alpha agonist

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15
Q

Beta receptor effects

A

Increase cAMP

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16
Q

Beta 1/2 agonist

A

Isoproterenol

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17
Q

What mediates EP and NE effects

A

B1 receptors in cardiac tissues

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18
Q

What effect do Symp drugs have on the heart

A

Increase: rate, contractility, conduction velocity

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19
Q

How do B1 receptors work

A

Via G protien mediated activation of adrenal cyclist with increased production of intracellular cAMP

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20
Q

Target of Symp stimulation on blood vessels

A

Vascular smooth muscle cell

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21
Q

Sympathetic effect on blood vessels

A

Pressor response
Increase mean arterial pressure
opposing actions by B and A receptors

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22
Q

A1 receptor on blood vessel

A

Increase blood receptor

Constriction

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23
Q

B2 receptor on blood vessels

A

Dilation

24
Q

Cardiovascular actions of NE depend on

A

What receptor

25
Q

A1 stimulation NE

A

Increased: systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures
Decreased: Heart rate

26
Q

Why does NE stimulation with a1 receptor cause a decrease in HR

A

Barroreceptors

27
Q

Isoproterenol works on what receptors

A

Beta

28
Q

Effect of Isoproterenol on B2

A

Decrease: blood pressure
vasodilation
Increase: heart rate, cardiac output

29
Q

EP acts on

A

A2 and B1&2 receptors

30
Q

EP low dose

A

B2: Vasodilation
B1: increase HR., cardiac output

31
Q

EP high dose

A

B1: Increase HR (can cause arrhythmia)
B1 & A1: systolic vasoconstriction
A1: diastolic vasoconstriction

32
Q

Eye a1 agonist

A

Pupil dilation

33
Q

Lungs B2 agonists

A

Enhanced secretion
Relaxation
Used in inhalers

34
Q

Lungs a1 agonist

A

Reduced secretion (predominates)

35
Q

GI B1

A

Reduce motility

36
Q

GI a1

A

Constrict sphincter

37
Q

Bladder b1

A

Relax fundis

38
Q

Bladder a1

A

Constict sphincter

39
Q

Sweat glands

A

Goofy as shit

40
Q

Uses of alpha adrenegic agonists

A

Maintain blood pressure
Reduce localized bleeding
Nasal decongestants
Emetic effect in cats

41
Q

Phenylephrine

A

Increase BP
Acute pressor
-Management of shock
Stimulates a1&2

42
Q

Phenylephrine adverse effects

A

Bradycardia
Excitation/nervous
PE + atropine = increased BP and tachycardia
Extravasation injury

43
Q

A adrenegic antagonists uses

A

acute reduction in BP
Urinary tract disorders (relaxes)
Reversal of Xylazine induced depression

44
Q

Side effects of alpha blocker

A 
Postural hypotension
GI irritability
Stuffiness
Impotence
Sedation and depression
45
Q

A- adrenergic antagonists

A

Phentolamine
Phenoxybenzamine
Yohimbine
Atipamezole

46
Q

Use of B adrenergic agonists

A 
B1: Acute treatment of cardiac failure
B2: Respiratory difficulty and bronchial asthma
-short term
Delay parturition
B1/2: allergic reactions
47
Q

Uses for a adrenergic agonists

A

Hemostasis
Nasal decongestant
Raise BP
Adjuncts to local anesthetics

48
Q

Isoproterenol

A

B1/2

Cardiac stimulation

49
Q

Terbutaline

A

B2
Treat asthma
No stimulation of heart

50
Q

B adrenergic agonists uses

A

Increase: HR, Cardiac contraction Conduction through AV node (B1)
Smooth muscle relaxation (B2)

51
Q

What does the magnitude of effects produced by adrenegic drugs depend on

A

Sympathetic activity

52
Q

Primary use for B antagonists

A

Cardiac effects
Long term control of systemic hypertension
Anti arrhythmic
Heart failure

53
Q

Propranolol

A

B1/2
Antiarrhythmic
Must be withdrawn gradually
IV

54
Q

Atenolol

A

B1 blocker

Anti arrhythmic

55
Q

Esmolol

A

B1 blocker

Pharm (15 decks)

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