Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

FOM Quiz 4 > 9 22 Embriology of the gut tube-Table 1 > Flashcards

9 22 Embriology of the gut tube-Table 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the GI tract largly made of

A

the endoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what does the endoderm contribute to in the GI?

A

the epithelial lining of the gut and the epithelial components of the glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what does the mesoderm contribute to in the GI tract?

A

muslces, connective tissue, mesentaries and mesenchymal components of glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what does the ectorderm contribute to?

A

epithelium of mouth and anus enteric gagnlia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the sheet of mesoderm that suspends the gut tube in the middle of the body tube?

A

the splanchnic mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what lines the primitive gut

A

the splanchnic mesoderm or the visceral serous membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is derived from the visceral serous membrane and extends the lenght of the gut

A

the dorsal mesentery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does the dorsal mesentery serve for?

A

the pathway for blood vessels, nerve and lymphatics suppling the GI kltract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the divisions of the GI tract?

A

the pharynx; respiratory diverticulum; stomach; liver cords; gall bladder; Midgut; hindgut

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what provides blood to the stomach

A

the celiac artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what provides blood to the intestine nearer the stomach

A

the superior mesenteric artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what provides blood to the hindgut

A

the inferior mesenteric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

the gut tube starts out hollow and the cells proliferate and fill the tube, how does it becoem a tube again?

A

the cells cavitate out again to form a larger but again hollow tube!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What can be a possible result of caviation of the gut that goes wrong?

A

diverticulus, or a stenosis (a small out growth or a narrowing.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how can we get areas of the GI tract that undergo atresia

A

defective cavitation; malrotation can cuase twisting of the mesentaries, resulting in loss of blood supply and subsequent necrosis of the gut.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is a mesontary

A

a connective layer of tissue from an organ to the walls of the cavity etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is unique for the stomach mesoderm?

A

there is a ventral mesontary as well as the dorsal mesontary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how do we form the stomach

A

twisting of the tube about 90 degrees, and differential growth on one side of the tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is volvulus in the stomach

A

malrotation can result in this, portion of the stomach rotate abnormally, result in abnormal twisting.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what can volvulus lead to?

A

lead to obstruction due to twisting of GI tube, and ischemia due to twisting of the mesenteries and interruption of the blood supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

how can malpositioning of the stomach and other organs occur?

A

from malrotation.

22
Q

if there is a heterotaxia patient what else would you look for?

A

vascular anomalies

23
Q

what is complete reversal of the left and right sidedness of the organs

A

Situs Inversus

24
Q

what is partial reversal of the left right orientation of the organs?

A

heterotaxia

25
Q

organs enclosed in a double layer of peritoneum that connect them to the body wall

A

intraperitoneal

26
Q

Organs that are not suspended in mesenteries, but lie agains tthe posterior body wall covered by a single layer of peritoneum

A

Retroperitoneal

27
Q

organs that are intially intraperitoneal and beome retroperitoneal later on due to fusion of hte mesenteries with the posterior wall of the peritoneum

A

secondarily retroperitoneal

28
Q

Intraperitoneal organs

A

stomach, transverse colon, small intestines, sigmoid colon

29
Q

Retroperitoneal organs

A

Thoracic esophagus; rectum

30
Q

Secondarily retroperitoneal organs

A

duodenum; pancreas; ascending colon; descending colon

31
Q

what is the area of the liver that impacts the diaphram and has no fascia between them

A

the bare area of the liver

32
Q

Nkx2, Barx1 and Hox11 all affect what?

A

the spleen and other l/R asymmetric organs early in development.

33
Q

Describe the formation of the pancreus

A

formation of a dorsal and ventral pancreus, and the ventral will rotate around and drag the hepatic duct with it, and combine with the dorsal pancreatic bud. and make a common duct out.

34
Q

spleen

A

formed entirely form the dorsal mesogastrium; moves to the the left side as a consequence of stomach rotation

35
Q

what is the early and later on purpose of the spleen

A

early it is a hemotopoietic organ, but later it is just for lymphatics

36
Q

describe the midgut development!

A

The midgut herniates to the umbilicus and rotates 90 degrees counter clockwise while doing this. The midgut is then retracted later and does another 180 degree counter clockwise rotation.

37
Q

what does the midgut contribute to?

A

no adult organs or glands associated with the midgut.

38
Q

what if only the first 90 degree rotation of the midgut happens

A

then the colon is left out by itself on the left hand side!

39
Q

what if the first rotation in clockwise and no second rotation?

A

then it looks normal but the duodenum and small intestine traverses over the top of the colon instead of the other way around.

40
Q

what is omphalocele?

A

where the midgut does not retract and is left in the umbilicus region with amniotic membrane around them

41
Q

Prognosis of omphalocele

A

can be surgically corrected but look for genetic abnormailites

42
Q

Vitelline connection

A

the connection to the umbilicus form the ileum.

43
Q

a small diversion of the intestine towards a ligament connected to the umbilicus

A

meckel’s diverticulum; it is usually asymptomatic

44
Q

small cysts or fistulae from the umbilicus to the intestine that can be painful or infected

A

vetellin cysts

45
Q

the caudal portion of the gut tube

A

the cloaca

46
Q

continuous with the allantois

A

cloaca

47
Q

partition the cloaca to the rectum and urogenital sinus

A

the urorectal septum

48
Q

rupture of the cloacal membrane creates:

A

the urogenital sinus and the rectum

49
Q

how to form the anal canal

A

by cavitation of the ectodermal anal pit, fuses to the rectum at the pectinate line

50
Q

possible problems with the cloaca forming the anus properly

A

urorectal fistula or rectovaginal fistula where the colon connects to the urethra or vagina;;; rectoperineal fistula where colon connects to the wrong spot in the skin. or the anal membrane doesn’t rupture and no real anus.

51
Q

what embrio layer contributes to the formation of the end of the gut tube?

A

the ectoderm at the anus.

FOM Quiz 4 (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions