10/7 Anatomy of retroperitoneal space Flashcards
The mesethelium lining the wall of the abdomen
the parietal peritoneum
the double layer of paratanium that comes and surrounds the organs
the mesentary
the organs of the retroparatanium
acronym SAD PUCKER suprarenal glands Aorta/IVC Duodenum (2-4) Pancreas (head, neck and body) Ureters Colon Kidney's Esophagus Rectum
what are the characteristics of the retroparatanial organs.
have paratanium if they are not suspended by mesentary;
have only paratanium on the anterior surface
they lie betwee the paratanium and the posterier abdominal wall
suprarenal glands also…
Adrenal glands
the outside of the adrenal gland
adrenal cortex
the embriological derivation of the adrenal cortex
intermediate mesoderm
Gland found in the base of the brain
pituitary gland
the layers of the adrenal cortex
(from outside in) Zona glomerulosa; Zona fisiculata; Zona reticularis
secrete mineral corticoids like aldosterone to help regulate blood pressure
zona glomerulosa
secretes glutocoids like cortisol
Zona fisiculata
Secrete antrigens like DHA
zona reticularis
the middle section of the adrenal gland
the adrenal medulla
what is the derivation of the adrenal medula (embrio)
nural crest cells – they are really post-ganglionic sympathetic neuronal cell bodies
what does the medulla secrete
epinephrin or adrenilin or nor epinephrin
Innervation of the adrenal medulla
the T12 level, through the ventral root and ramus, through the lesser splecnic to the corticol renal pre-ganglionic ganglion (don’t synapse) then to the adrenal medulla and then synapse to cause hormone release
where is the aorta usually
just to the left of the midline
the unpaired branches of the Aorta
celiac trunk (for-gut)
superior mesentaric artery (mid gut)
inferior mesentaric artery (hind gut)
paired branches of the aorta
inferior phrenic
Renal arteries
gonadal arteries (inguinal canal in men)
lumbar arteries (like the intercostal, supply seg. the lowar back)
common iliac arteries (branch to the external illiac and the internal illiac arteries)
where is the inferior phrenic arteries
just below the diaphram
go through the inguinal ring and become the femeral arteries
external iliac arteries
suply the pelvus and peritonium
internal iliac arteries
what are the branches of the IVC
inferior phrenic Hepatic veins (drain the liver) renal veins (drain the kidney) right gonadal vein left gonadal vein (drains into the left renal vein!) Lumbar veins (seg. for the lumbar) ascending lumbar veins (go to the azogous system) common illiac veins interior and exterior iliacs
tubular organs that drain the urine from the kidneys to the bladder
ureters
what part of the colon is retro-paratanial
Ascending colon
the descending colon
the rectum
two organs that are considered infra paratanium
Uterus and the bladder (below the paratanium)
3 opens in the diaphram
T12 – Aorta
T10– Esophagus
T8 – IVC
Muscle from the L1-L5 vetebra level to the femor
psoas major
purpose of the psoas major
Hip flexor and vertebra flexor
from the illiac facet to the femer
Illiacus
purpose of the illiacus muscle
hip flexor
the course of the iliopsoas muscles from
from the L1-L5 and from the Illiac crest under the inguinal ligament into the lesser tracanter and below the ligament they are the same muscle
the muscle that is at the very back and middle of the retroparataneal space
quadralus lumborum muscle – big stabalizer
The branches of the the Lumbar Plexus
- Subcostal nerve
- Iliohypogastric nerve
- ilioinguinal nerve
- genitofemoral nerve
- lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
- femoral nerve
- obturator nerve
- lumbosacral trunk
Nerves off of the T12 level
Subcostal nerve
Subcostal nerve purpose
innervates the body wall muscles and supplies the T12 dermatome
nerves off of L1 level
iliohypogstric and ilioinguinal nerve
nerves branch off of L1 and L2
Genitofemoral nerve
Branch of nerve off of the L2 and L3 level
lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
Branch of nerve off of the L2, L3, and L4 levels
The femoral nerve and the Obterator nerve
branch of nerve from L4 and L5
the lumbosacral trunk
supplies the body wall muscle and the lateral part of the L1 dermatome
iliohypogastric nerve
courses through the inguinal canal and and the medial section of the L1 dermatome
ilioinguinal nerve
inervates body mall muslce and the thigh just lateral the genitals
genitofemoral nerve
supply the lateral surface of the thigh
Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
supply sensory to the medial of the thigh and motor to the quads and sensory to the shin
Femoral nerve
through the obtorator foramen and to skin just above the knee and medial and the abuctor muscles
obturator nerve
