8.6 The Civil Rights Movement in the 1940s & 1950s Flashcards
What were some promises made to African Americans after the Civil War?
- Constitutional Ammendments
- Voting Rights
- Equal protection under the law
What were some factors which suppressed African Americans after the Civil War?
- Poll Taxes
- Plessy V. Ferguson
How did President Truman advance civil rights? (2 SHEs)
- Executive 9981
- Committee on Civil Rights
What was Executive Order 9981?
The act passed by Truman which banned segregation in the US armed forces
How did President Truman hinder Civil Rights?
By not enforcing Executive Order 9981 until the Korean War started 2 years later
What was the Committee on Civil Rights?
A group formed in 1946 tasked with examining the real conditions of civil rights in America and to give recommendations to address those
What were some things the Committee of Civil Rights recommend enacting?
- The desegregation of the U.S. military
- Abolishment of poll taxes
- Federal protection from lynching
When was the 24th Amendment proposed?
1962
What did the 24th Amendment do?
Abolished the poll tax
What is one way each branch of the federal government worked to improve civil rights in the 1940s through 60s?
Executive: Executive Orders such as 9981
Legislative: The passage of the 24th Amendment
Judicial: Brown V The Board of Education
What was a downside to the courts’ ruling in Brown v. Board of Education?
They didn’t issue an exact time that schools had to be interrelated by which caused southern schools to stall
What did the Southern Manifesto argue?
That the judicial branch overstepped their power
What was a way that southern states resisted the decision of Brown V. Board of Education?
By writing the Southern Manifesto which justified the following actions:
-Shutting schools down
- Orval Faubus called the state national guard to prevent students from entering Little Rock High School
What was the nickname for the African Americans that Orval Faubus tried to keep out of Little Rock High School?
The Little Rock 9
What was the context of Brown V. Board of Education?
Oliver Brown’s daughter had to attend a black school a mile from her house instead of a white school across the corner
What was a specific way that Eisenhower carried out the order of Brown V. Board of Education
By calling in the National Guard to escort the Little Rock 9. To school
