ALL PERIOD 2 KEY CONCEPTS OUTLINED Flashcards
How did the economic and imperial goals differ between various European colonizers? (Provide 1 example)
Spanish attempted to extract wealth from the land through subjugation of Natives while the French and Dutch attempted to acquire furs with diplomatic and economic relationships
What were the goals and desires of English colonizers?
- Social mobility
- Economic prosperity
- Religious Freedom
- Improved living conditions
What did English colonizers focus on that was different from their Dutch and French counterparts?
Agriculture and settled on land taken from Native Americans
Which European colonizers relied most heavily on trade alliances and intermarriage with American Indians?
French and Dutch
What were the Chesapeake colonies and Carolinas like?
- Economically prosperous through the exportation of tobacco
- Demographically white and mostly male
- Used Indentured Servants and later African Slaves
What were the New England colonies like?
Culturally & Demographically - Settled by Puritans centered around small towns with family farms
Economically - Mixed economy of agriculture and commerce
What were the Middle colonies like?
- ECONOMY: Flourishing export economy based on cereal crops
DEMOGRAPHICS: Broad range of European migrants such as Dutch, French, and English. - CULTURALLY: Greater cultural, ethnic, and religious diversity and tolerance
What were the colonies of the southern Atlantic coast and the British West Indies like?
ECONOMIES: Plantation economies based on exporting staple crops
- Used slaves who became the majority demographic of the region
CULTURALLY- Slavs developed forms of cultural and religious autonomy
What were ways the colonies practiced democratic ideas in the colonies?
-New England colonies had Town Hall Meetings and elected members to their colonial legislatures
- Elite planters exercised local authority and dominated elected assemblies such as the House of Burgesses
What were the impacts of competition over resources between European rivals and American Indians?
The encouragement of industry and trade and led to conflict in the Americas
What was an example of a global trade network that connected the colonies?
Triangular Trade
What was Triangular Trade?
Slaves were shipped from Africa to the Americas, the colonies exported resources such as tobacco, and the Europeans traded manufactured goods like guns to Africans
What are historical examples that illustrate competition between European rivals and Indians leading to conflicts in the Americas?
- Metacoms War between King Philip and the New England colonists
How did continued trade with Europeans continue to impact Native American societies? (Culturallly, Economically, and Demographically)
- Stimulated cultural change such as Christianity being spread and the English language
- Economic changes such as the fur trade becoming dominant in Native economies
- Demographic shifts- Diseases like measles killed many Natives
What are some historical examples of Natives allying with European nations against other Europeans and Native tribes during the colonial age?
The Hurons and the French vs the British and the Iroquois Confederacy
What are some ways the goals and interests of Colonists and the British diverged during the colonial age?
- Self-rule
- Trade ( The passage of the Navigation Acts)
- Frontier Defense against Indian Attacks
What was a Native attack on the British during the early 1700s?
The Yamasee War in South Carolina
How did some Natives effectively resist European rule?
The Pueblo Revolt which forced the Spanish to accommodate aspects of Indian culture in the Southwest
What was the effect of different European religions and ethnic groups in the colonies?
Significant degree of pluralism and intellectual exchange
What were examples of intellectual exchanges in the colonies?
- The Great Awakening
- The Spread of Enlightenment Ideas
What were some examples of Enlightenment ideas spread in the colonies?
- Individual Liberty
- Representative Government
- Religious Freedom
How did the English colonies experience gradual Anglicization?
- Development of of autonomous communities based on English models
- Emergence of transatlantic print culture
- Spread of Protestant evangelicalism
How did colonial communities reflect British communities?
- Built homes following English architectural patterns
-Importing of British furniture, dish-ware, and textiles
How did colonies resist British mercantilism?
Through smuggling of goods
