5.10 Reconstruction 1844-1877 Flashcards
What were the two sides of the debate regarding how should the Confederacy be readmitted to the Union?
With Leniency or as conquered war territory
Who is a politician that believed the Confederacy should be readmitted with leniency and why?
Abraham Lincoln because he didn’t want to relight the tensions that caused the South to leave the Union in the first place
What was Abraham Lincoln’s Reconstruction Plan?
Ten-Percent Plan Which was minimum test of Southern loyalty
What was the Ten-Percent Plan?
- It stated that perviously Confederate states could reestablish their state governments if 10% of the 1860 electorate pledged loyalty to the Union
- It also stated that State legislatures had to ratify the 13th Amendment
Who was John Wilkes Booth?
The assassin of Abraham Lincoln
Who became President after Abraham Lincoln was assassinated?
Andrew Johnson
How did Andrew Johnson enforce Reconstruction?
- He carried out Lincoln’s plan of reuniting the north and the south
- However, he stood by while Southern Plantation Owners reassumed power and recreated similar conditions prior to the Civil War Such as the repackage of Black Codes.
What were Black Codes?
A series of restrictive acts passed after the Civil War which restricted the freedom of southern black folks and forced them to work for really low wages
How did Radical Republicans view Johnson’s Reconstruction efforts and what did that lead to?
They hated Johnson and his policies so it led to them trying to lead Reconstruction through Congress
What was the goal of the legislation passed by the Radical Republicans in Congress?
- To uphold and extend rights for blacks in the south
- To suppress a Southern resurgence
What were two major pieces of legislation passed by Radical Republicans in Congress during Reconstruction?
- Freedmen’s Bureau
- Civil Rights Act of 1866
What was the Freedman’s Bureau?
An agency set up to help newly freed black people
What was the Civil Rights Act of 1866?
It protected citizenship of blacks folks and gave them equal protection under the law
How did Johnson oppose the Radical Republicans’ legislation?
By initially vetoing it and forcing the Congress to get a 2/3 supermajority
What was the 14th Amendment?
All persons who were born in the U.S. were citizens and that every citizen enjoyed equal protection of laws
- AKA made black people citiznes
What did the Reconstruction Acts of 1867 do?
- Assured that all laws passed in the south would be enforced by dividing the south into 5 different districts with military units
- Increased the requirement for southern states to rejoin the Union with a provision for universal male suffrage voting rights
What was the Tenure of Office Act?
It made it illegal for a president to fire a member of its cabinet without congressional approval. Made by Radical Republicans during Johnson’s presidency
What was the result of Johnson breaking the Office of Tenure Act?
The Impeachment Trials of Andrew Johnson which rendered Johnson powerless due to how unpopular he was
What were the 3 Reconstruction Amendments?
13th: Abolished slavery
14th: Citizenship to all American born people
15th: Universal male suffrage
What caused the split in the women’s’ rights movement during the Reconstruction Era?
The passage of the 15th Amendment
What two groups did the women’s’ right movement split into?
National Women Suffrage Association with Stanton vs American Woman Suffrage Association
What did the National Women Suffrage Association advocate for after the split in the women’s’ right movement?
Continued to fight for women’s voting rights nationally
What did the American Woman Suffrage Association advocate for?
Woman’s suffrage state-by-state
Which woman’s suffrage group was more annoyed with the passage of the 15th Amendment?
NAWSA
