4.8 Jackson and the Federal Power Flashcards
What was the only major political party after the death of the Federalist Party?
The Democratic Republicans
What were the two rival factions that formed within the Democratic-Republican Party?
The Republicans and the Democrats
What were the two political parties after the Age of Good Feelings?
The Democrats and the Whigs
Who was an example of a Democrat in the age right after the Era of Good Feelings?
Andrew Jackson
What old political party did the Andrew Jackson Democrats mirror?
The old Democratic-Republicans and Thomas Jefferson
What were the values of Andrew Jackson and the Democratic Party?
FOR:
- Limited power in the federal government
- Free trade
- Local rule
What were the Andrew Jackson Democrats against?
- Corporate Monopolies
- High Tariffs
- National Bank
Who was an example of a Whig?
Henry Clay
What old political party did the Whigs Party mirror?
The Federalists and Alexander Hamilton
What did the Whig Political Party value?
FOR
- Vigorous and involved central government such as the American System
- National Bank
- Protective Tariffs
- Federally funded internal improvements
What was the Whig Political Party against?
Crimes being committed by immigrants
What was the most contentious debate between the Democrats and Whigs?
The role of the federal government especially in regards to tariffs, national bank, and internal improvements
What was a Tariff in 1820s and who passed it?
The Tariff of 1828 which raised prices on imports by 30%. Passed by JQA
How did the Tariff of 1828 illustrate U.S. sectionalism?
The south was hurt more because they relied on imported goods while the northern industrialization flourished
Who was an example of someone who hated the Tariff of 1828 and what did he nickname the tariff?
John C. Calhoun and he nicknamed the tariff the Tariff of Abominations
What did John C. Calhoun develop to critique the Tariff of 1828?
The doctrine of Nullification
What is Nullification?
If a state judged a federal law to be unconstitutional then that state could pretend the act didn’t exist
What was Andrew Jackson’s response to the doctrine of Nullification?
the Force Bill
What was the Force Bill?
The Bill that gave Jackson the authority to respond to South Carolina’s nullification with military action
Did the Force Bill work?
Yes
When was the Second Bank of the U.S. created and what was its impact both positive and negative?
1816 and stabilized the U.S. economy throughout the 1820s. However many state banks had to shut their doors in the 1830s because they couldn’t make payments to the National Bank
What was the result of many state banks closing on the average citizens?
Many citizens were left with worthless paper money
What was Jackson’s reaction to Henry Clay’s rechartering of the Second Bank of the U.S.?
He vetoed it
