Chapter 2 (Period 2.1) Flashcards
The Thirteen Colonies and the British Empire 1607-1754
Who was Lord Baltimore and what did he support?
The first proprietary governor of the Maryland Colony. He supported religious tolerance and a society based on land-ownership. He founded Maryland as refuge for English catholics
What were the Acts of Toleration and what did it show?
A landmark piece of legislation granting religious freedom for all Christians. The act was instituted to protect Catholics facing discrimination and shows the early struggles in the colonies for religious freedom
Who was Roger Williams?
The founder of Rhode Island who advocated for religious freedom and separation of church and state. His ideas for native rights and individual rights shaped the development of religious tolerance in the colonies.
What was Providence’s importance?
Roger William’s settlement in 1636 known for its advocation of religious freedom and separation of church and state. Also the land was bought directly from Native tribes
Who was Anne Hutchinson?
A Puritan spiritual leader who challenged religious authority and was banished from Massachusetts, and helped found Rhode Island
- One of the earliest feminists because she challenged male authority in the church
What is antinomianism?
Anne Hutchinson’s belief that Christians are not bound by moral law.
What was Rhode Island?
- Founded by Roger Williams 1636
- 1st colony to descale independence from Britain
- High degree of political participation with all adult men allowed to vote
- Hub for maritime trade and shipbuilding
What was the Halfway Covenant?
Allowed baptized but unconverted parents to have their children baptized to increase church membership. These children were given various rights and freedoms in the process
Who were the Quakers?
A Christian denomination that was committed to social justice.
- They advocated for the abolition of slavery
- Respected Natives through fair dealings
- religiously tolerant.
Who was William Penn?
A prominent Quaker leader and founder of Pennsylvania.
- Promoted religious freedom and peaceful coexistence with the Native Americans
What was Penn’s Holy Experiment?
Penn’s experiment in Pennsylvania which allowed religious tolerations for various religious beliefs and was one of the first examples of participatory government
What was the Charter of Liberties (1701)?
A written constitution which guaranteed freedom of worship for all and unrestricted immigration in the Pennsylvania colony
What were rice plantations?
Largely present in South Carolina that were run by African slaves. They were crucial to colonial government
What were tobacco farms?
The cultivated areas where tobacco plant was grown
- Central to the economy
- Led to the rise of indentured servants and then slavery in the colonies
- Started in Virginia colony by John Rolfe
What were two examples of agricultural production that were key to the early colonial economy?
- Tobacco Farms
- Rice Plantations
Who was John Cabot?
Claimed the northeastern coast of America for the British as an explorer in the 1400s.
What was the first permanent English settlement in the Americas?
Jamestown
Who founded Jamestown and what type of colony was it initially?
- The Virginia Colony and it was a Corporate Colony.
What was the House of Burgesses?
The first legislative assembly in the Americas in 1619 established in Jamestown
Who was Captain John Smith?
A leader of the Jamestown colony known for his role in its survival and for establishing trade relations with Native Americans
What was the Powhatan Confederacy?
A group of Native American tribes that were located in Virginia and interacted with Jamestown settlers, initially engaging in trade and later conflict
Who was John Rolfe? What were the two key impacts he had?
- Introduced tobacco cultivation to Virginia.
- His marriage to Pocahontas symbolized the potential for peace and cooperation between English settlers and Native people.
What was the Mayflower Compact?
The first document to establish self-government in the New World
